ansible-playbook：
ansible常用模块:
command模块：ansible all -a ‘ls -l'
shell模块：ansible all -m shell -a 'xxx'
copy上传模块：ansible all -m copy -a 'src=/root/1.txt dest=/root/1.txt'
===================下载和解压=============================
-name: wget url
get_url: url=http://xxxx dest=/mnt 下载包及存放地址
=========================================================
-name: unzip
unarchive: 解压
src: 解压包地址
dest: 解压后目录
copy: no 本地解压no代表不是拷贝
file文件管理模块：
给与权限：ansible all -m file -a 'src=/root/foo.txt state=touch mode=0755‘
创建文件：ansible all -m file -a 'src=/root/1.txt state=touh'
absent删除文件：ansible all -m file -a 'src=/root/1.txt state=absent'
link设置软连接：ansible all -m file -a 'src=/root/1.sh dset=/root/2.sh state=link'
hostname模块:ansible name1 -m hostname -a 'name=dd'
corn模块:
增加定时：ansible -m corn all -a 'minte=30/* weekdat=* job=/root/2.sh'
删除定时：ansible all -m corn -a 'disabled=no job=/root/2.sh'
启用定时：ansible all -m corn -a 'disabled=yes job=/root/2.sh'
删除定时：ansible all -m corn -a 'job=/root/2.sh state=absent'
yum管理包
安装：ansible all -m yum -a 'name=wget'
删除：ansible all -m yum -a 'name=wget state=absent'
service管理服务：
启动服务：ansible -m service -a 'name=http state=restarted'
停止服务：ansible -m service -a 'name=http state=shtoped'
开启自启：ansible -m service -a 'name=http state=restarted enabled=yes'
user管理用户：ansible -m user -a 'name=mm '
group管理用户组：ansible -m user -a 'name=mm group=ddos '
playbook：
基本结构：
Tasks：任务，由模板定义的操作列表
Variables：变量{命令行优先于配置文件变量，配置文件单个变量优先于公共变量}
Templates：模板，即使用模板语法的文件
Handlers：处理器 ，当某条件满足时，触发执行的操作
Roles：角色
handlers：触发器
notify ：触发条件
示例：
[root@localhost ansible]# cat httpd.yml
---
- hosts: test
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: install httpd package
yum: name=httpd
- name: copy conffile
copy: src=/root/1.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf backup=yes
notify: restart service
- name: start service
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
handlers:
- name: restart service
service: name=httpd state=restarted
ansible优化：ansible是基于ssh对远程主机进行管控，只需要优化ssh服务即可
A.修改/etc/ssh/sshd.config文件中的配置
UseDNS no
# GSSAPI options
GSSAPIAuthentication no
然后，执行/etc/init.d/sshd restart重启sshd进程使上述配置生效，在连接一般就不慢了
B.检查ssh服务端上/etc/hosts文件中，127.0.0.1对应的主机名是否和
uname -n的结果一样，或者把本机ip和hostname(uname -n结果)加入到/etc/hosts里
C.利用ssh-v的调试功能查找慢的原因
[root@localhost ansible]# ssh -v root@192.168.0.110
OpenSSH_7.4p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 58: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 192.168.0.110 [192.168.0.110] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.4
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.4
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.4 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: Authenticating to 192.168.0.110:22 as 'root'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256 need=64 dh_need=64
debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256 need=64 dh_need=64
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:ITI/LuGfNPC5CfDsdbghgHboLLQVrLsm7lk2EgwdH5A
debug1: Host '192.168.0.110' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password
debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-keyex
debug1: No valid Key exchange context
debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic
debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information
No Kerberos credentials available (default cache: KEYRING:persistent:0)
debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information
No Kerberos credentials available (default cache: KEYRING:persistent:0)
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Next authentication method: password