Python实现京东价格监控

现在网上东西越来越难抢了，所以有了监控京东产品价格的想法。

主要实现以下功能：
长期监控某产品价格
当价格降低时通过弹框和邮件形式提醒
保存产品价格数据，便于日后分析

整个程序最主要的几个模块如下：

1.价格监控模块
主要通过京东产品价格数据接口获取数据。该数据接口分为PC端价格、手机端价格、QQ端价格和微信端价格四部分，我们将这四部分数据全部获取，并将其存入priceMatrix列表之中。

#获取京东商品价格函数
def getJDprice(address,time):

    #获取京东商品的ID号
    reg = r'https://item.jd.com/(.*?).html'  
    idre = re.compile(reg)  
    idlist = re.findall(idre,address)
    id = "".join(idlist[0])

    #通过数据接口查询京东商品价格
    #pc端价格数据接口  
    url1='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=1&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id
    #手机端价格数据接口  
    url2='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=2&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id
    #QQ端价格数据接口  
    url4='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=4&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id
    #微信端价格数据接口  
    url5='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=5&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id

    try:
        headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'}

        #pc端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url1,headers = headers)
        html1 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere1 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist1 = re.findall(pricere1,html1)
        price1 = "".join(pricelist1[0])

        #手机端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url2,headers = headers)
        html2 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere2 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist2 = re.findall(pricere2,html2)
        price2 = "".join(pricelist2[0])

        #QQ端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url4,headers = headers)
        html4 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere4 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist4 = re.findall(pricere4,html4)
        price4 = "".join(pricelist4[0])

        #微信端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url5,headers = headers)
        html5 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere5 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist5 = re.findall(pricere5,html5)
        price5 = "".join(pricelist5[0])

        #获取系统时间
        timestamp = time

        #将数据存入列表
        priceMatrix = [timestamp,price1,price2,price4,price5]
        print 'Time           : ' + priceMatrix[0]
        print 'JD id          : ' + id
        print 'PC        price: ' + price1
        print 'Cellphone price: ' + price2
        print 'QQ        price: ' + price4
        print 'Wechat    price: ' + price5
        print '\n'

        return priceMatrix    

    except urllib2.URLError, e:
        if hasattr(e,"code"):
            print e.code
        if hasattr(e,"reason"):
            print e.reason

2.价格比较模块
（1）首先判断四种渠道价格是否一致，返回价格最低的渠道

#价格一致性判断函数
def priceDiff(pricelist):

    price1 = float(pricelist[-1][1])
    price2 = float(pricelist[-1][2])
    price4 = float(pricelist[-1][3])
    price5 = float(pricelist[-1][4])

    if (price1 == price2 == price4 == price5) <= 0:

        price = [price1,price2,price4,price5]
        priceMin = min(price)
        index = price.index(priceMin)

        if index == 0:
            return 'PC has a lowest price'
        elif index == 1:
            return 'Cellphone has a lowest price'
        elif index == 2:
            return 'QQ has a lowest price'
        elif index == 3:
            return 'Wechat has a lowest price'
        else:
            return ' '

（2）其次将本次价格与前一次获取的价格进行比较，若降价则返回值

#价格环比判断函数
def priceComp(pricelist):

    if (float(pricelist[-1][1]) - float(pricelist[-2][1])) < 0:
        return 'PC has a discount'
    elif (float(pricelist[-1][2]) - float(pricelist[-2][2])) < 0:
        return 'Cellphone has a discount'
    elif (float(pricelist[-1][3]) - float(pricelist[-2][3])) < 0:
        return 'QQ has a discount'
    elif (float(pricelist[-1][4]) - float(pricelist[-2][4])) < 0:
        return 'Wechat has a discount'
    else:
        return ' '

3.邮件发送模块
将降价提醒邮件发送到指定账号

#邮件发送函数
def sendMail(address,user):
    #邮件发送者
    my_sender = 'ultrakin@163.com'
    my_user = user
    ret = True
    try:
        #邮件发送内容
        msg = MIMEText(address,'plain','utf-8')
        #邮件发送者昵称
        msg['From'] = formataddr(["MyLowerPrice",my_sender])
        #邮件接受者昵称
        msg['To'] = formataddr(["Dear Guest",my_user])
        #邮件主题
        msg['Subject'] = "A Lower Price"
        #SMTP服务器
        server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com",25)
        #发送者登录密码
        server.login(my_sender,"I will not tell you this")
        server.sendmail(my_sender,[my_user,],msg.as_string())
        server.quit()
    except Exception:
        ret = False
    return ret

4.全部程序
在主函数run（）中，通过时钟控制，实现了从整点起每过五分钟获取一次价格。通过实际运行可知，每次价格获取时间很短，因此在不运行时将程序睡眠，降低CPU占用。


# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Oct 02 10:29:44 2016
@author: ultrakin@sina.com
"""

import re
import time  
import urllib2 
import smtplib 
import datetime
import tkMessageBox
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr

#获取京东商品价格函数
def getJDprice(address,time):

    #获取京东商品的ID号
    reg = r'https://item.jd.com/(.*?).html'  
    idre = re.compile(reg)  
    idlist = re.findall(idre,address)
    id = "".join(idlist[0])

    #通过数据接口查询京东商品价格
    #pc端价格数据接口  
    url1='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=1&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id
    #手机端价格数据接口  
    url2='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=2&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id
    #QQ端价格数据接口  
    url4='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=4&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id
    #微信端价格数据接口  
    url5='https://p.3.cn/prices/mgets?type=5&skuIds=' + 'J_' + id

    try:
        headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'}

        #pc端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url1,headers = headers)
        html1 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere1 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist1 = re.findall(pricere1,html1)
        price1 = "".join(pricelist1[0])

        #手机端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url2,headers = headers)
        html2 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere2 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist2 = re.findall(pricere2,html2)
        price2 = "".join(pricelist2[0])

        #QQ端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url4,headers = headers)
        html4 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere4 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist4 = re.findall(pricere4,html4)
        price4 = "".join(pricelist4[0])

        #微信端价格
        request = urllib2.Request(url = url5,headers = headers)
        html5 = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
        reg = r'"p":"(.*?)"'  
        pricere5 = re.compile(reg)  
        pricelist5 = re.findall(pricere5,html5)
        price5 = "".join(pricelist5[0])

        #获取系统时间
        timestamp = time

        #将数据存入列表
        priceMatrix = [timestamp,price1,price2,price4,price5]
        print 'Time           : ' + priceMatrix[0]
        print 'JD id          : ' + id
        print 'PC        price: ' + price1
        print 'Cellphone price: ' + price2
        print 'QQ        price: ' + price4
        print 'Wechat    price: ' + price5
        print '\n'

        return priceMatrix    

    except urllib2.URLError, e:
        if hasattr(e,"code"):
            print e.code
        if hasattr(e,"reason"):
            print e.reason


#价格一致性判断函数
def priceDiff(pricelist):

    price1 = float(pricelist[-1][1])
    price2 = float(pricelist[-1][2])
    price4 = float(pricelist[-1][3])
    price5 = float(pricelist[-1][4])

    if (price1 == price2 == price4 == price5) <= 0:

        price = [price1,price2,price4,price5]
        priceMin = min(price)
        index = price.index(priceMin)

        if index == 0:
            return 'PC has a lowest price'
        elif index == 1:
            return 'Cellphone has a lowest price'
        elif index == 2:
            return 'QQ has a lowest price'
        elif index == 3:
            return 'Wechat has a lowest price'
        else:
            return ' '


#价格环比判断函数
def priceComp(pricelist):

    if (float(pricelist[-1][1]) - float(pricelist[-2][1])) < 0:
        return 'PC has a discount'
    elif (float(pricelist[-1][2]) - float(pricelist[-2][2])) < 0:
        return 'Cellphone has a discount'
    elif (float(pricelist[-1][3]) - float(pricelist[-2][3])) < 0:
        return 'QQ has a discount'
    elif (float(pricelist[-1][4]) - float(pricelist[-2][4])) < 0:
        return 'Wechat has a discount'
    else:
        return ' '


#价格变动提示
def priceShow(msg):
    tkMessageBox.showinfo(title = 'Discount Message',message = msg)


#邮件发送函数
def sendMail(address,user):
    #邮件发送者
    my_sender = 'ultrakin@163.com'
    my_user = user
    ret = True
    try:
        #邮件发送内容
        msg = MIMEText(address,'plain','utf-8')
        #邮件发送者昵称
        msg['From'] = formataddr(["MyLowerPrice",my_sender])
        #邮件接受者昵称
        msg['To'] = formataddr(["Dear Guest",my_user])
        #邮件主题
        msg['Subject'] = "A Lower Price"
        #SMTP服务器
        server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.163.com",25)
        #发送者登录密码
        server.login(my_sender,"I will not tell you this")
        server.sendmail(my_sender,[my_user,],msg.as_string())
        server.quit()
    except Exception:
        ret = False
    return ret




#主函数
def run(address,user):

    #价格信息存储列表
    List = [[0,0,0,0,0]]

    #初始基准时间
    timestart = '2016-10-1 00:00:00'
    timearrystart = time.strptime(timestart,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    timestampstart = int(time.mktime(timearrystart))

    while True:

        #获取当前系统时间
        timenow = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        timearrynow = time.strptime(timenow,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        timestampnow = int(time.mktime(timearrynow))

        #整点起每间隔5分钟运行
        if (timestampnow - timestampstart) % 300 == 0:

            #需要执行的函数
            priceMat = getJDprice(address,timenow)
            List.extend([priceMat])

            #print List

            str0 = timenow
            str1 = priceComp(List)
            str2 = priceDiff(List)

            #弹框并发送邮件
            if (str1 != ' ') and (str2 != ' '):
                priceShow(str0 + ' ' + str1 + ' ' + str2)

                ret=sendMail(address,user)
                if ret:
                    print("ok") 
                else:
                    print("filed")
            #防止多次执行，并通过睡眠降低CPU负载
            time.sleep(290)


run('https://item.jd.com/3740470.html','ultrakin@sina.com')
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