原来这里有两个完全不同的问题。要在窗口上显示文本,您需要创建一个未装饰的最上面的窗口,并为背景设置色度键。但是,当运行全屏应用程序(如游戏)时,这将不起作用。在全屏应用程序上显示文本的唯一可靠方法是使用Direct3D挂钩。
我还没有写一个Direct3D钩子的例子,但是我会给第一个问题两个不同的解决方案。
解决方案1:Tkinter+pywin32
在本例中,我使用Tkinter完成了大部分工作,并使用win32api防止文本阻止鼠标单击。如果win32api对您不可用,那么您只需删除该部分代码。import Tkinter, win32api, win32con, pywintypes
label = Tkinter.Label(text='Text on the screen', font=('Times New Roman','80'), fg='black', bg='white')
label.master.overrideredirect(True)
label.master.geometry("+250+250")
label.master.lift()
label.master.wm_attributes("-topmost", True)
label.master.wm_attributes("-disabled", True)
label.master.wm_attributes("-transparentcolor", "white")
hWindow = pywintypes.HANDLE(int(label.master.frame(), 16))
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ff700543(v=vs.85).aspx
# The WS_EX_TRANSPARENT flag makes events (like mouse clicks) fall through the window.
exStyle = win32con.WS_EX_COMPOSITED | win32con.WS_EX_LAYERED | win32con.WS_EX_NOACTIVATE | win32con.WS_EX_TOPMOST | win32con.WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
win32api.SetWindowLong(hWindow, win32con.GWL_EXSTYLE, exStyle)
label.pack()
label.mainloop()
解决方案2:pywin32
这个例子通过pywin32完成了所有事情。这使得它更复杂,更不易携带,但功能更强大。我在整个代码中都包含了到Windows API相关部分的链接。import win32api, win32con, win32gui, win32ui
def main():
hInstance = win32api.GetModuleHandle()
className = 'MyWindowClassName'
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms633576(v=vs.85).aspx
# win32gui does not support WNDCLASSEX.
wndClass = win32gui.WNDCLASS()
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ff729176(v=vs.85).aspx
wndClass.style = win32con.CS_HREDRAW | win32con.CS_VREDRAW
wndClass.lpfnWndProc = wndProc
wndClass.hInstance = hInstance
wndClass.hCursor = win32gui.LoadCursor(None, win32con.IDC_ARROW)
wndClass.hbrBackground = win32gui.GetStockObject(win32con.WHITE_BRUSH)
wndClass.lpszClassName = className
# win32gui does not support RegisterClassEx
wndClassAtom = win32gui.RegisterClass(wndClass)
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ff700543(v=vs.85).aspx
# Consider using: WS_EX_COMPOSITED, WS_EX_LAYERED, WS_EX_NOACTIVATE, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW, WS_EX_TOPMOST, WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
# The WS_EX_TRANSPARENT flag makes events (like mouse clicks) fall through the window.
exStyle = win32con.WS_EX_COMPOSITED | win32con.WS_EX_LAYERED | win32con.WS_EX_NOACTIVATE | win32con.WS_EX_TOPMOST | win32con.WS_EX_TRANSPARENT
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms632600(v=vs.85).aspx
# Consider using: WS_DISABLED, WS_POPUP, WS_VISIBLE
style = win32con.WS_DISABLED | win32con.WS_POPUP | win32con.WS_VISIBLE
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms632680(v=vs.85).aspx
hWindow = win32gui.CreateWindowEx(
exStyle,
wndClassAtom,
None, # WindowName
style,
0, # x
0, # y
win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CXSCREEN), # width
win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CYSCREEN), # height
None, # hWndParent
None, # hMenu
hInstance,
None # lpParam
)
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms633540(v=vs.85).aspx
win32gui.SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hWindow, 0x00ffffff, 255, win32con.LWA_COLORKEY | win32con.LWA_ALPHA)
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd145167(v=vs.85).aspx
#win32gui.UpdateWindow(hWindow)
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms633545(v=vs.85).aspx
win32gui.SetWindowPos(hWindow, win32con.HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0,
win32con.SWP_NOACTIVATE | win32con.SWP_NOMOVE | win32con.SWP_NOSIZE | win32con.SWP_SHOWWINDOW)
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms633548(v=vs.85).aspx
#win32gui.ShowWindow(hWindow, win32con.SW_SHOW)
win32gui.PumpMessages()
def wndProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam):
if message == win32con.WM_PAINT:
hdc, paintStruct = win32gui.BeginPaint(hWnd)
dpiScale = win32ui.GetDeviceCaps(hdc, win32con.LOGPIXELSX) / 60.0
fontSize = 80
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd145037(v=vs.85).aspx
lf = win32gui.LOGFONT()
lf.lfFaceName = "Times New Roman"
lf.lfHeight = int(round(dpiScale * fontSize))
#lf.lfWeight = 150
# Use nonantialiased to remove the white edges around the text.
# lf.lfQuality = win32con.NONANTIALIASED_QUALITY
hf = win32gui.CreateFontIndirect(lf)
win32gui.SelectObject(hdc, hf)
rect = win32gui.GetClientRect(hWnd)
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd162498(v=vs.85).aspx
win32gui.DrawText(
hdc,
'Text on the screen',
-1,
rect,
win32con.DT_CENTER | win32con.DT_NOCLIP | win32con.DT_SINGLELINE | win32con.DT_VCENTER
)
win32gui.EndPaint(hWnd, paintStruct)
return 0
elif message == win32con.WM_DESTROY:
print 'Closing the window.'
win32gui.PostQuitMessage(0)
return 0
else:
return win32gui.DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()