Tomcat 服务器的安装与配置（tar.gz）

一、安装

安装Tomcat前要先安装JDK。可以参看 JDK安装（bin）

1、下载并解压Tomcat

[root@bogon src]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.0.M22/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22.tar.gz
[root@bogon src]# tar xvf apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22.tar.gz

2、考虑后面要做Tomcat集群，所以重新建立新目录并将解压好的tomcat移进去

[root@bogon src]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat_cluster
[root@bogon src]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1
[root@bogon src]# mv ./apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M22/ /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1
[root@bogon src]# ls /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/
bin  conf  lib  LICENSE  logs  NOTICE  RELEASE-NOTES  RUNNING.txt  temp  webapps  work

3、启动Tomcat进行测试

[root@bogon bin]# ./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_131
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

查看是否有进程

[root@bogon bin]# ps aux|grep tomcat
root       2672  0.8 12.1 2304280 121152 pts/0  Sl   09:19   0:16 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_131/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -classpath /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root       3393  0.0  0.0 112664   976 pts/0    R+   09:50   0:00 grep --color=auto tomcat

查看进程端口，可以看到端口号为8080

[root@bogon bin]# netstat -lnp|grep java
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      2672/java
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      2672/java
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      2672/java

特别说明，tomcat是调用java，所以显示的进程为java的进程。

二、添加为系统服务

1、创建启动脚本

[root@bogon bin]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/bin
[root@bogon bin]# cp catalina.sh /etc/init.d/tomcat

在#!/bin/bash下加上如下几行：

#chkconfig:345 23 77

#description:tomcat server

# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_131
CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1

2、修改其权限并开机启动

[root@bogon bin]# chkconfig --add tomcat
[root@bogon bin]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tomcat
[root@bogon bin]# chkconfig tomcat on

3、启动Tomcat

[root@bogon bin]# systemctl start tomcat
[root@bogon bin]# systemctl status tomcat
● tomcat.service - SYSV: tomcat server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2017-07-24 10:40:55 CST; 21s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 4070 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 4092 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/tomcat.service
           ├─3917 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_131/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/loca...
           └─4097 /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_131/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/loca...

7月 24 10:40:55 bogon systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: tomcat server...
7月 24 10:40:55 bogon tomcat[4092]: Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1
7月 24 10:40:55 bogon tomcat[4092]: Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1
7月 24 10:40:55 bogon tomcat[4092]: Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/temp
7月 24 10:40:55 bogon tomcat[4092]: Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/src/jdk1.8.0_131
7月 24 10:40:55 bogon tomcat[4092]: Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat....jar
7月 24 10:40:55 bogon tomcat[4092]: Tomcat started.
7月 24 10:40:55 bogon systemd[1]: Started SYSV: tomcat server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

另外，tomcat是不支持restart重启的，如果想要重启的话，需要先关闭它，然后在启动。

三、修改tomcat默认端口

编辑配置文件：server.xml

[root@bogon conf]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat_cluster/tomcat1/conf
[root@bogon conf]# ls
Catalina  catalina.policy  catalina.properties  context.xml  jaspic-providers.xml  jaspic-providers.xsd  logging.properties  server.xml  tomcat-users.xml  tomcat-users.xsd  web.xml
[root@bogon conf]# vim server.xml

找到如下配置段：

将8080改为80，改完后重启tomcat服务即可。