不知道大家有没有经常在pip python包的时候遇到下载超时、下载龟速、权限不够、pip版本太老或者是“During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred”的问题，头疼死了好吗。
题主总结了常见的pip下载问题，按照以下操作步骤更新pip，两行代码完美避开pip几乎所有的常见问题！！！
1. 用管理员身份运行并打开Anaconda Prompt
直接在任务栏右下角搜索框输入ana找到Anaconda Prompt，右键以管理员身份运行。
PS：Anaconda 是Python的一个发行版，与python不同的是里面内置了很多工具包，因此无需单独安装。如果读者下载的是Anaconda的话可以通过打开Anaconda Prompt更方便的切换到conda环境。
2. 二话不说先更新pip：
pip install --upgrade pip
3. 然后就是超牛逼代码：
使用清华镜像（-i ）&防止超时（timeout）的命令结合，就可以完全避免下载龟速和下载超时的问题！！！比如我要下载rpy2：
python -m pip --default-timeout=100 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple rpy2
然后清清爽爽干干净净快快速速的两行代码下载好这个包。。
想知道那行代码牛B的原因吗？大家经常头疼：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 425, in _error_catcher
yield
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 507, in read
data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
data = self.__fp.read(amt)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\http\client.py", line 449, in read
n = self.readinto(b)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\http\client.py", line 493, in readinto
n = self.fp.readinto(b)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\socket.py", line 586, in readinto
return self._sock.recv_into(b)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\ssl.py", line 1009, in recv_into
return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\ssl.py", line 871, in read
return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\ssl.py", line 631, in read
v = self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 186, in _main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\commands\install.py", line 331, in run
resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 177, in resolve
discovered_reqs.extend(self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req))
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 333, in _resolve_one
abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\legacy_resolve.py", line 282, in _get_abstract_dist_for
abstract_dist = self.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(req)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 482, in prepare_linked_requirement
hashes=hashes,
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 287, in unpack_url
hashes=hashes,
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 159, in unpack_http_url
link, downloader, temp_dir.path, hashes
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 303, in _download_http_url
for chunk in download.chunks:
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\utils\ui.py", line 160, in iter
for x in it:
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\network\utils.py", line 39, in response_chunks
decode_content=False,
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 564, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 529, in read
raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\contextlib.py", line 99, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "f:\program files (x86)\python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 430, in _error_catcher
raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
方法一解决timeout的方法就需要在 pip的时候控制超时, 具体参数为“--default-timeout=100”，所以第二行代码的前一部分是：
python -m pip --default-timeout=100
方法二下载太慢的原因是因为如果直接下载包是连接国外的网站，所以只要使用清华镜像地址就完全莫问题！！（这里感谢清华爸爸们）所以可以在使用pip的时候加参数“-i 清华镜像地址”，而刚刚第二行代码的最后一部分是：
install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple rpy2
但是此网站慎点，因为没有做分页功能，点了会完全加载所有内容可能会使浏览器崩溃。
综合起来，这个万能代码就是（eg.下载rpy2包）：
python -m pip --default-timeout=100 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple rpy2
哈哈哈鼓掌吧兄弟们！！！学fei了吗！！
笔芯