server{
#监听端口
listen 80;
#域名
server_namelocalhost;
#编码
charsetkoi8-r;
#日志
access_log/var/log/nginx/host.access.logmain;
#直接输入域名进入的目录和默认解析的文件
location/ {
root/usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#错误页
error_page500 502 503 504/50x.html; location= /50x.html{
root/usr/share/nginx/html;
}
#禁止访问.htxxx文件 location~/\.ht{ denyall;
}
2、Location匹配规则
= | 精确匹配，匹配成功则停止匹配 |
八〜 | 前缀普通字符匹配，匹配成功则停止匹配 |
〜 | 正则匹配，区分大小写；多个正则按顺序匹配 |
〜* | 正则匹配，不区分大小写；多个正则按顺序匹配 |
!〜 | 正则不匹配，区分大小写；多个正则按顺序匹配 |
!〜* | 正则不匹配，不区分大小写；多个正则按顺序匹配 |
@ | 定义一个命名的location,使用在内部重定向时，例如error_page,try_files |
/ | 通用匹配，未匹配到location的都会匹配到此 |
2.1、“=”精确匹配示例
server{ | |
listen | 80; |
server_name | localhost; |
location/ | { |
root | /usr/share/nginx/html; |
index | index.html index.htm; |
} | |
location= | /baidu.html{ |
root | /etc/nginx/html/; |
} | |
} |
访问:curl http://localhost/baidu・html，实际访问的路径问/etc/nginx/html/baidu・html
<html>
<head>
<title>测试 </title>
</head>
<body>baidu </body>
</html>
2.2、"八~”前缀普通字符匹配
server{ listen80;
server_namelocalhost; location/ {
root/usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm;
}
location八~/tea/ {
root/etc/nginx/html/;
}
访问:curl http://localhost/tea/tea1 ・html，实际访问的路径问/etc/nginx/html/tea/teal .html
<html>
<head>
<title>测试 </title>
</head>
<body>
tea
</body>
</html>
2.3、“~”区分大小写正则匹配
server{
listen | 80; |
server_name | localhost; |
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log | /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main; |
location/ {
root/usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm;
}
location~\.html${ root/etc/nginx/html/;
}
访问:curl http://localhost/baidu・html，实际访问的路径问/etc/nginx/html/baidu・html
<html>
<head>
<title>测试 </title>
</head>
<body>
baidu
</body>
</html>
访问:curl http://localhost/baidu.HTML，匹配不成功，实际访问的路径
问/us r/sha re/nginx/html/baidu ・H TML
2.4、"~*”不区分大小写正则匹配
server{
listen 80;
server_namelocalhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
location/ {
root/usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location~* \.html${
root/etc/nginx/html/;
}
访问:curl http://localhost/baidu・HTML，匹配成功，实际访问的路径问/etc/nginx/html/baidu.HTML
<html>
<head>
<title>测试 </title>
</head>
<body>
baidu
</body>
</html>
2.5、 "!~”区分大小写正则不匹配
location($host!~"八www\."){
root/etc/nginx/html/;
2.6、 "!~*”不区分大小写正则不匹配
location($host!~* "八www\.") {
root/etc/nginx/html/;
2.7、 ”@”nginx内部跳转
server{ listen80;
server_namelocalhost;
location= /baidu{ error_page404@page_err;
}
location@page_err{ root/etc/nginx/html/;
}
访问:curl http://localhost/baidu・htm，返回404,实际访问的路径问/etc/nginx/html/baidu・htm