图例
| 绝佳 | 不错 | 一般 | 不佳 | 糟糕 |
数据结构操作
| 数据结构 | 时间复杂度 | 空间复杂度 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均 | 最差 | 最差 | |||||||
| 访问 | 搜索 | 插入 | 删除 | 访问 | 搜索 | 插入 | 删除 | ||
| 数组 | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
| 堆栈 | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) |
| 单链表 | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) |
| 双向链表 | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) |
| 跳跃表 | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n log(n)) |
| 哈希表 | – | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | – | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
| 二叉搜索树 | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
| 笛卡尔树 | – | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | – | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
| B树 | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
| 红黑树 | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
| 伸展树 | – | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | – | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
| AVL树 | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
数组排序算法
| 算法 | 时间复杂度 | 空间复杂度 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 最佳 | 平均 | 最差 | 最差 | |
| Quicksort | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n^2) | O(log(n)) |
| 归并排序 | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n) |
| Timsort | O(n) | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n) |
| 堆排序 | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(1) |
| 冒泡排序 | O(n) | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(1) |
| 插入排序 | O(n) | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(1) |
| 选择排序 | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(1) |
| 希尔排序 | O(n) | O((nlog(n))^2) | O((nlog(n))^2) | O(1) |
| 桶排序 | O(n+k) | O(n+k) | O(n^2) | O(n) |
| 基数排序 | O(nk) | O(nk) | O(nk) | O(n+k) |
图操作
| 节点 / 边界管理 | 存储 | 增加顶点 | 增加边界 | 移除顶点 | 移除边界 | 查询 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjacency list | O(|V|+|E|) | O(1) | O(1) | O(|V| + |E|) | O(|E|) | O(|V|) |
| Incidence list | O(|V|+|E|) | O(1) | O(1) | O(|E|) | O(|E|) | O(|E|) |
| Adjacency matrix | O(|V|^2) | O(|V|^2) | O(1) | O(|V|^2) | O(1) | O(1) |
| Incidence matrix | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|E|) |
堆操作
| 类型 | 时间复杂度 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HEAPIFY | 查找最大值 | 分离最大值 | 提升键 | 插入 | 删除 | 合并 | |
| Linked List (sorted) | – | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(m+n) |
| Linked List (unsorted) | – | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
| Binary Heap | O(n) | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(m+n) |
| Binomial Heap | – | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) |
| Fibonacci Heap | – | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(1) |
大 O 复杂度图表
Big O Complexity Graph
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