c语言printf和flush用法,C中printf 和write的区别

调试程序过程中遇到一个问题:遇到printf的语句时有时候能马上打印出字符串,有时候要程序退出时才一次性打印出字符串,但是write每次都能直接打印出字符串。

原来是因为printf是行缓冲函数,只有满了一行才马上打印, write在用户态没有缓冲,所以直接输出。

eg:

#include #include #include int main(void)

{

int fd;

char str[100];

//创建文件,并输入任意内容供测试

fd = open("test3.6.file", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0660);

if(fd < 0)

err_quit("open test3.6.file failed");

write(fd, "Hello world!\n", 13);

write(fd, "1234567890\n", 11);

write(fd, "abcdefg\n", 8);

close(fd);

//测试读取从 文件开头,中间,结尾

fd = open("test3.6.file", O_RDWR | O_APPEND);

if(fd < 0)

err_quit("open test3.6.file rdwr failed");

printf("read from start: ");

//fflush(stdout);

lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

if( read(fd, str, 13) > 0)

write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str));

printf("read from MID: ");

// fflush(stdout);

lseek(fd, 14, SEEK_SET);

if( read(fd, str, 11) > 0)

write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str));

printf("read from END: ");

// fflush(stdout);

lseek(fd, -8, SEEK_END);

if( read(fd, str, 8) > 0)

write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str));

//测试往文件中写

lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

write(fd, "##########", 10);

lseek(fd, 20, SEEK_SET);

write(fd, "@@@@@@@@@@", 10);

lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);

write(fd, "**********", 10);

exit(0);

}

如果把上面代码中fflush注释掉,那每次运行的结果如下:

Hello world!

234567890

********

read from start: read from MID: read from END:

如果再printf打印的字符串后面添加‘\n’或者fflush, 则能正常输出:

read from start: Hello world!

read from MID: 234567890

read from END: ********