先确保你已经成功安装了HIVE和MYSQL
在hive-site.xml中添加如下内容，指定METASTORE的地址以及连接方式
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://10.20.151.10:3306/hive?characterEncoding=UTF-8
JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Driver class name for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
hive_user
username to use against metastore database
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
123
password to use against metastore database
然后登陆到HIVE客户端，创建一个表试试
[gpadmin1@hadoop5 hive-0.6.0]$ bin/hive
Hive history file=/tmp/gpadmin1/hive_job_log_gpadmin1_201106081130_1156785421.txt
hive> show tables;
FAILED: Error in metadata: javax.jdo.JDOFatalDataStoreException: Unknown database 'hive'
NestedThrowables:
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Unknown database 'hive'
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
报错了，提示很明显，识别不到名称为hive的database，难道要自己创建？试试
[Intranet root@hadoop6 /var/lib/mysql]
#mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 41
Server version: 5.5.12 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database hive;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hive |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
再登陆到HIVE里看看
[gpadmin1@hadoop5 hive-0.6.0]$ bin/hive
Hive history file=/tmp/gpadmin1/hive_job_log_gpadmin1_201106081130_544334815.txt
hive> show table;
FAILED: Parse Error: line 0:-1 mismatched input '' expecting EXTENDED in show statement
hive> show tables;
OK
Time taken: 5.173 seconds
hive> CREATE TABLE u_tmp1 (id1 INT,
> id2 int
> )
> ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
> FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
OK
Time taken: 0.266 seconds
hive> show tables;
OK
u_tmp1
Time taken: 0.197 seconds
hive>
OK了，果然是这个问题
另外，HIVE会在数据库中创建一些保存元数据的表，我们可以看下都有哪些
mysql> use hive;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_hive |
+----------------+
| BUCKETING_COLS |
| COLUMNS |
| DBS |
| PARTITION_KEYS |
| SDS |
| SD_PARAMS |
| SEQUENCE_TABLE |
| SERDES |
| SERDE_PARAMS |
| SORT_COLS |
| TABLE_PARAMS |
| TBLS |
+----------------+
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from TBLS;
+--------+-------------+-------+------------------+----------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| TBL_ID | CREATE_TIME | DB_ID | LAST_ACCESS_TIME | OWNER | RETENTION | SD_ID | TBL_NAME | TBL_TYPE | VIEW_EXPANDED_TEXT | VIEW_ORIGINAL_TEXT |
+--------+-------------+-------+------------------+----------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| 1 | 1307504073 | 1 | 0 | gpadmin1 | 0 | 1 | u_tmp1 | MANAGED_TABLE | NULL | NULL |
+--------+-------------+-------+------------------+----------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
刚才我们创建的表u_tmp1也可以查到
另外有一个需要注意的地方是，需要把一个jar包mysql-connector-java-5.1.15-bin.jar拷贝到hive的lib目录下才行，否则执行语句的时候会报错，类似下面这样
hive> show tables;
FAILED: Error in metadata: javax.jdo.JDOFatalInternalException: Error creating transactional connection factory
NestedThrowables:
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
我当时安装MYSQL的时候是使用RPM来安装的，没找到mysql-connector-java-5.1.15-bin.jar。后来同事发给我了个压缩包，解压开以后就有了。