环境

主机：macbookpro2021
虚机：Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
软件：Parallels Desktop 17 for Mac

步骤

前期准备

win上和vmware上的操作

查看虚机当前ip （enp0s5–>inet）

fabric@fabric:~/桌面$ ifconfig
enp0s5: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.211.55.10  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.211.55.255
        inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fef5:3526  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:1c:42:f5:35:26  txqueuelen 1000  (以太网)
        RX packets 550  bytes 90899 (90.8 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1511  bytes 175404 (175.4 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (本地环回)
        RX packets 1607  bytes 136590 (136.5 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1607  bytes 136590 (136.5 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

查看虚机当前路由

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ route -n
内核 IP 路由表
目标            网关            子网掩码        标志  跃点   引用  使用 接口
0.0.0.0         10.211.55.1     0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 enp0s5
10.211.55.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 enp0s5
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 enp0s5

修改网络配置

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ sudo vi 00-installer-config.yaml 

修改前文件内容

network:
  ethernets:
    enp0s5:
      dhcp4: true
  version: 2

修改成

network:
   version: 2
   renderer: NetworkManager
   ethernets:
     enp0s5:
       dhcp4: no
       dhcp6: no
       addresses: [10.211.55.10/24]
       routes:
         - to: default
           via: 10.211.55.1
       nameservers:
         addresses: [8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114]

保存退出

应用配置文件

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ sudo netplan apply

查看修改结果

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ ifconfig
enp0s5: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.211.55.10  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.211.55.255
        inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fef5:3526  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:1c:42:f5:35:26  txqueuelen 1000  (以太网)
        RX packets 660  bytes 102937 (102.9 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1752  bytes 202251 (202.2 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (本地环回)
        RX packets 1692  bytes 144569 (144.5 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1692  bytes 144569 (144.5 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ route -n
内核 IP 路由表
目标            网关            子网掩码        标志  跃点   引用  使用 接口
0.0.0.0         10.211.55.1     0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 enp0s5
10.211.55.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 enp0s5
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 enp0s5

测试网络

虚机ping百度

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=39.9 ms

虚机ping主机

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ ping 主机ip
64 bytes from 112.32.24.194: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=34.4 ms
64 bytes from 112.32.24.194: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=22.7 ms
64 bytes from 112.32.24.194: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=25.0 ms
64 bytes from 112.32.24.194: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=25.1 ms
64 bytes from 112.32.24.194: icmp_seq=5 ttl=128 time=59.8 ms

主机ping虚机

主机@192 ~ % ping 10.211.55.10
PING 10.211.55.10 (10.211.55.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.211.55.10: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.952 ms
64 bytes from 10.211.55.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.946 ms
64 bytes from 10.211.55.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.892 ms
64 bytes from 10.211.55.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.893 ms
64 bytes from 10.211.55.10: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.986 ms

出现问题记录

问题：gateway4报错

fabric@fabric:/etc/netplan$ sudo netplan apply

** (generate:15158): WARNING **: 20:49:17.450: `gateway4` has been deprecated, use default routes instead.
See the 'Default routes' section of the documentation for more details.

** (process:15156): WARNING **: 20:49:17.568: `gateway4` has been deprecated, use default routes instead.
See the 'Default routes' section of the documentation for more details.

原因
初次修改代码

network:
   version: 2
   renderer: NetworkManager
   ethernets:
     enp0s5:
       dhcp4: no
       dhcp6: no
       addresses: [10.211.55.10/24]
       gateway4: 10.211.55.1
       nameservers:
         addresses: [8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114]

解决
将gateway4改为routes

问题： ping: connect: 网络不可达 或 域名解析失败

刚开始gateway4报错，直接删除ping会报错，因此，gateway4不可删除