基于CentOS7.4源码编译安装LNMP
系统环境：CentOS7.4
Nginx：1.14.2
MySQL：5.7.25
PHP：7.3.2
一、下载网络yum源
[root@ ~]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@ ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@ ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base.repo epel.repo epel.repo.rpmnew epel-testing.repo
[root@ ~]# yum clean all
[root@ ~]# yum makecache
二、源码编译安装Nginx
1、安装依赖包
[root@ ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ automake autoconf pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel
2、创建Nginx运行用户
[root@ ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
3、源码编译安装Nginx
[root@ ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
[root@ ~]# tar zxf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@ ~]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.2/
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# make
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# make install
4、修改配置文件
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nginx nginx; #修改用户和组
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; #修改路径
include fastcgi_params;
}
5、添加环境变量，优化Nginx服务
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t #检查Nginx配置语法是否正确
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #开启Nginx
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# vim /etc/profile #添加环境变量
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# source /etc/profile
6、两种方式配置Nginx开机自启动
6.1 添加为系统服务
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid #改动pid文件路径
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" #改动命令文件路径
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" #改动配置文件路径
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
if [ -n "$user" ]; then
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
fi
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# chkconfig nginx on
6.2、以守护进程方式启动
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginxd.service
[Unit]
Description=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# systemctl restart nginxd.service
[root@ nginx-1.14.2]# systemctl enable nginxd.service
三、源码安装MySQL
1、卸载系统自带的mariadb
[root@ ~]# yum -y remove mariadb* boost-*
2、安装依赖包
[root@ ~]# yum install -y cmake make gcc gcc-c++ bison ncurses ncurses-devel
3、源码编译安装MySQL
[root@ ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.gz
[root@ ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@ ~]# cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.25/
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.25/boost/boost_1_59_0/ \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# make
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# make install
4、创建数据库用户和数据目录
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data #创建数据存储目录
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/ #修改文件操作权限
5、配置my.cnf文件
以下是简单的配置
[root@ mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
character-set-server=utf8mb4
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
6、添加环境变量
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# vim /etc/profile #配置环境变量
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# source /etc/profile #环境变量立即生效
7、两种方式配置MySQL开启自启动
7.1 添加为系统服务
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10576 Feb 21 23:06 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld #修改路径
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# chkconfig mysqld on
7.2 以守护进程方式启动
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# vim /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL DBMS
[Service]
LimitNOFILE=10000
Type=simple
User=mysql
Group=mysql
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
ExecStop=/bin/kill -9 $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# chmod +x /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
8、安全初始化数据库
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start #启动数据库
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# mysql -uroot -p #登录数据库
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root'; #修改密码
mysql> flush privileges;
如果报错提示：
[ERROR] Could not open file ‘/var/log/mysqld.log’ for error logging: Permission denied
[ERROR] Aborting
做以下操作：
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# touch /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# chown mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# chcon system_u:object_r:mysqld_log_t:s0 /var/log/mysqld.log
如果初始化完成没有显示随机生成的密码，做以下操作可以查看：
[root@ mysql-5.7.25]# grep password -n /var/log/mysqld.log
5:2019-02-22T05:53:27.821305Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: (P>hoTVg<6Ms
四、源码编译安装PHP
1、安装依赖包
[root@ ~]# yum -y install php-mcrypt libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel autoconf freetype gd libmcrypt libpng libpng-devel libjpeg libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib curl curl-devel re2c net-snmp-devel libjpeg-devel php-ldap openldap-devel openldap-servers openldap-clients freetype-devel gmp-devel
2、源码编译安装
[root@ ~]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.2.tar.gz
[root@ ~]# tar -zxvf php-7.3.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@ ~]# cd /usr/local/src/php-7.3.2/
[root@ php-7.3.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--with-mysqli \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-gmp \
--with-zlib \
--with-xmlrpc \
--with-openssl \
--without-pear \
--with-snmp \
--with-gettext \
--with-mhash \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--with-ldap \
--with-ldap-sasl \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--enable-xml \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-soap \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-maintainer-zts \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-zip \
--disable-fileinfo \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-libxml \
--enable-opcache \
--enable-mysqlnd
[root@ php-7.3.2]# make
[root@ php-7.3.2]# make install
如果报错提示：
configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.
就执行一下命令，然后再重新配置
[root@ php-7.3.2]# cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/
如果报错提示：
configure: error: Please reinstall the libzip distribution
重新安装libzip
[root@ php-7.3.2]# yum remove libzip
[root@ php-7.3.2]# wget -O ~/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
[root@ php-7.3.2]# tar -zxvf ~/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@ php-7.3.2]# cd /usr/local/src/libzip-1.2.0/
[root@ libzip-1.2.0]# ./configure
[root@ libzip-1.2.0]# make
[root@ libzip-1.2.0]# make install
如果报错提示：
configure: error: off_t undefined; check your library configuration
做以下操作
# 添加搜索路径到配置文件
echo '/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64'>>/etc/ld.so.conf
# 更新配置
ldconfig -v
如果报错提示：
/usr/local/include/zip.h:59:21: fatal error: zipconf.h: No such file or directory
做以下操作，这是安装新的libzip可能出现的问题
[root@ php-7.3.2]# cp /usr/local/lib/libzip/include/zipconf.h /usr/local/include/zipconf.h
如果报错提示：
/usr/bin/ld: ext/ldap/.libs/ldap.o: undefined reference to symbol ‘ber_strdup’
/usr/lib64/liblber-2.4.so.2: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sapi/cli/php] Error 1
做以下操作
vim Makefile
添加图中红框部分内容
3、配置php配置文件
[root@ php-7.3.2]# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[root@ php-7.3.2]# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@ php-7.3.2]# cp /usr/local/src/php-7.3.2/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
4、配置php开机启动
[root@ php-7.3.2]# cp /usr/local/src/php-7.3.2/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@ php-7.3.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@ php-7.3.2]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@ php-7.3.2]# chkconfig php-fpm on
5、验证php
[root@ php-7.3.2]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@ php-7.3.2]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm; #添加index.php
}
[root@ php-7.3.2]# service nginx restart #重启nginx
[root@ php-7.3.2]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
这只是简单的安装配置，实际配置还是视情况优化。
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