达梦数据库备份后如何进行还原恢复

达梦数据库的全库还原需要脱机才可以，冷备时可以不开归档，还原恢复时也不需要归档（只能从备份集恢复）。热备必须开启本地归档，所以还原恢复时可以选择从备份集恢复，也可以选择从指定归档恢复。
冷备的方法可以看以下链接：
达梦数据库如何冷备
热备的方法可以看以下链接：
达梦数据库如何用命令进行热备
还原恢复时首先需要检查备份集有效性。

[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dmrman 
dmrman V8
RMAN> check backupset '/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479';
check backupset '/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479';
CMD END.CODE:[0]
check backupset successfully.
time used: 27.980(ms)

1.通过达梦控制台工具进行还原：
关闭数据库实例服务：


库还原：

库恢复可以先择从备份集恢复或者从指定归档恢复。
库恢复（从备份集恢复）：

库恢复（从指定归档恢复）

更新数据库的魔数db_magic：

打开数据库实例服务：

2.通过达梦的DMRMAN工具进行还原：
关闭数据库实例服务：

库还原

[dmdba@localhost bin]$ cd /dm8/bin
[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dmrman 
dmrman V8
RMAN> restore database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479';
restore database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479';
file dm.key not found, use default license!
RESTORE DATABASE CHECK......
RESTORE DATABASE,data collect......
RESTORE DATABASE,database refresh ......
RESTORE BACKUPSET [/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479] START......
total 5 packages processed...
total 6 packages processed...
RESTORE DATABASE,UPDATE ctl file......
RESTORE DATABASE,REBUILD key file......
RESTORE DATABASE,CHECK db info......
RESTORE DATABASE,UPDATE db info......
total 6 packages processed...
total 6 packages processed!
CMD END.CODE:[0]
restore successfully.
time used: 406.450(ms)

库恢复可以先择从备份集恢复或者从指定归档恢复。
库恢复（从备份集恢复）：

RMAN> recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479';
recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479';
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[59816]
RESTORE RLOG CHECK......
RESTORE RLOG, gen tmp file......
RESTORE RLOG FROM BACKUPSET [/dm8/data/DAMENG/bak/DB_DAMENG_FULL_20210309_161328_540479] START......
total 2 packages processed...
total 2 packages processed...
total 2 packages processed!
CMD END.CODE:[0]
EP:0 total 1 pkgs applied, percent: 100%
Recover from archive log finished, time used:0.003s.
recover successfully!
time used: 279.708(ms)

库恢复（从指定归档恢复）

RMAN>  recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' with archivedir '/dm8/arch';
recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' with archivedir '/dm8/arch';
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[59816]
EP:0 total 1 pkgs applied, percent: 20%
EP:0 total 2 pkgs applied, percent: 40%
EP:0 total 3 pkgs applied, percent: 60%
EP:0 total 4 pkgs applied, percent: 80%
EP:0 total 5 pkgs applied, percent: 100%
Recover from archive log finished, time used:0.008s.
EP[0]'s apply_lsn[60050] >= end_lsn[59816]
recover successfully!
time used: 252.589(ms)

更新数据库的魔数db_magic：

RMAN> recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' update db_magic;            
recover database '/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' update db_magic;
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[59816]
EP[0]'s apply_lsn[59816] >= end_lsn[59816]
recover successfully!
time used: 00:00:01.017

打开数据库实例服务：