qt准确获取本机mac和ip地址

前言

公司服务器有多个mac地址，是用网上的代码获取时总是不准确，只能自己封装一下。qt通过QNetworkInterface类来获取网络接口的各种信息，我是通过解析QNetworkInterface数组来获取ip和mac的


先上代码，不想听原理的同学可以直接复制代码

准确获取mac地址

QString MainWindow::getHostMacAddress()
{
        QList<QNetworkInterface> nets = QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces();// 获取所有网络接口列表
        int nCnt = nets.count();
        qDebug()<<nets;
        QString strMacAddr = "";
        for(int i = 0; i < nCnt; i ++)
        {
            // 如果此网络接口被激活并且正在运行并且不是回环地址，且该mac的ip地址不能是回环地址并且是ipv4地址，则就是我们需要找的Mac地址
            if(nets[i].flags().testFlag(QNetworkInterface::IsUp) && 
               nets[i].flags().testFlag(QNetworkInterface::IsRunning)
               && !nets[i].flags().testFlag(QNetworkInterface::IsLoopBack))
            {
                for (int j=0;j<nets[i].addressEntries().size() ;j++ ) {
                //该mac的ip地址不能为172.0.0.1，且需是ipv4地址    
                if(nets[i].addressEntries().at(j).ip()!=QHostAddress::LocalHost&&nets[i].addressEntries().at(j).ip().protocol()== QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol
){
                        strMacAddr = nets[i].hardwareAddress();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        qDebug()<<"strMacAddr"<<strMacAddr;
        return strMacAddr;
}

准确获取ip地址

QString MainWindow::getHostLocalIpAddress()
{
    QList<QNetworkInterface> nets = QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces();// 获取所有网络接口列表
    int nCnt = nets.count();
    QString strIpAddr = "";
    for(int i = 0; i < nCnt; i ++)
    {
        // 如果此网络接口被激活并且正在运行并且不是回环地址，且该mac的ip地址不能是回环地址并且是ipv4地址，则就是我们需要找的ip地址
        if(nets[i].flags().testFlag(QNetworkInterface::IsUp) && nets[i].flags().testFlag(QNetworkInterface::IsRunning)
                && !nets[i].flags().testFlag(QNetworkInterface::IsLoopBack))
        {
            for (int j=0;j<nets[i].addressEntries().size() ;j++ ) {
                if(nets[i].addressEntries().at(j).ip()!=QHostAddress::LocalHost&&nets[i].addressEntries().at(j).ip().protocol()== QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol
){
                    strIpAddr=nets[i].addressEntries().at(j).ip().toString();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    qDebug()<<"strIpAddr"<<strIpAddr;
    return strIpAddr;
}

原理分析

首先解析一下QList nets = QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces();网络接口信息

(QNetworkInterface(name = “lo”, hardware address = “00:00:00:00:00:00”, flags = IsUp IsRunning IsLoopBack , entries = ((address = QHostAddress(“127.0.0.1”), netmask = QHostAddress(“255.0.0.0”), broadcast = QHostAddress(“127.255.255.255”)), (address = QHostAddress(“::1”), netmask = QHostAddress(“ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff”))))
, QNetworkInterface(name = “enp2s0”, hardware address = “74:27:EA:27:8A:71”, flags = IsUp IsRunning CanBroadcast CanMulticast , entries = ((address = QHostAddress(“172.16.52.51”), netmask = QHostAddress(“255.255.255.0”), broadcast = QHostAddress(“172.16.52.255”)), (address = QHostAddress(“fe80::7627:eaff:fe27:8a71%enp2s0”), netmask = QHostAddress(“ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::”))))
, QNetworkInterface(name = “virbr0”, hardware address = “52:54:00:A7:FB:D6”, flags = CanBroadcast CanMulticast , entries = ((address = QHostAddress(“192.168.122.1”), netmask = QHostAddress(“255.255.255.0”), broadcast = QHostAddress(“192.168.122.255”))))
)

或许你可能觉得看起来很复杂，让我们提取enp2s0中的信息

QNetworkInterface(name = "enp2s0", 
hardware address = "74:27:EA:27:8A:71",
flags = IsUp IsRunning CanBroadcast CanMulticast , 
entries = ((address = QHostAddress("172.16.52.51"), 
			netmask = QHostAddress("255.255.255.0"),
			broadcast = QHostAddress("172.16.52.255")),
			(address = QHostAddress("fe80::7627:eaff:fe27:8a71%enp2s0"), netmask = QHostAddress("ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::"))
		)
)

这样看起来就一目了然了，正确的mac和ip地址必须要满足：flags = IsUp IsRunning，且falgs不能有IsLoopBack。address = QHostAddress(“172.16.52.51”)中的ip地址不能是172.0.0.1且必须是ipv4地址

想要详细了解QNetworkInterface类的同学可自行查看qt说明文档，或下面这篇文章

链接：QNetworkInterface详解

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