C++ windows 环境 和 linux获取IP地址

1.windows 环境

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Iphlpapi.lib")


/**
* 获取机器Ip地址和主机名
*/
bool getHostNameAndIp(std::string& strWLANIp, std::string& strLocalIp)
{
	PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pIpAdapterInfo = new IP_ADAPTER_INFO();
	//得到结构体大小,用于GetAdaptersInfo参数
	unsigned long stSize = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO);
	//调用GetAdaptersInfo函数,填充pIpAdapterInfo指针变量;其中stSize参数既是一个输入量也是一个输出量
	int nRel = GetAdaptersInfo(pIpAdapterInfo, &stSize);
	//记录网卡数量
	int netCardNum = 0;
	//记录每张网卡上的IP地址数量
	int IPnumPerNetCard = 0;
	if (ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW == nRel)
	{
		//如果函数返回的是ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW
		//则说明GetAdaptersInfo参数传递的内存空间不够,同时其传出stSize,表示需要的空间大小
		//这也是说明为什么stSize既是一个输入量也是一个输出量
		//释放原来的内存空间
		delete pIpAdapterInfo;
		//重新申请内存空间用来存储所有网卡信息
		pIpAdapterInfo = (PIP_ADAPTER_INFO)new BYTE[stSize];
		//再次调用GetAdaptersInfo函数,填充pIpAdapterInfo指针变量
		nRel = GetAdaptersInfo(pIpAdapterInfo, &stSize);
	}

	std::string strMAC;
	strMAC.resize(20);

	if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nRel)
	{
		//输出网卡信息
		//可能有多网卡,因此通过循环去判断
		while (pIpAdapterInfo)
		{
			//可能网卡有多IP,因此通过循环去判断
			IP_ADDR_STRING *pIpAddrString = &(pIpAdapterInfo->IpAddressList);
			if (pIpAddrString)
			{
				sprintf_s(const_cast<char*>(strMAC.c_str()), 20, "%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X-%02X",
					pIpAdapterInfo->Address[0], pIpAdapterInfo->Address[1], pIpAdapterInfo->Address[2], pIpAdapterInfo->Address[3], pIpAdapterInfo->Address[4], pIpAdapterInfo->Address[5]);

				//包含以下MAC地址的前8个字节（前3段）是虚拟网卡
				//"00:05:69"; //vmware1
				//"00:0C:29"; //vmware2
				//"00:50:56"; //vmware3
				//"00:1c:14"; //vmware4
				//"00:1C:42"; //parallels1
				//"00:03:FF"; //microsoft virtual pc
				//"00:0F:4B"; //virtual iron 4
				//"00:16:3E"; //red hat xen , oracle vm , xen source, novell xen
				//"08:00:27"; //virtualbox

				// 说明是本地网络
				if (pIpAdapterInfo->Type == MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET)
				{
					if (!strstr(pIpAdapterInfo->Description, "Virtual"))
					{
						std::string strIp = pIpAddrString->IpAddress.String;
						if (strIp.compare("0.0.0.0") != 0)
						{
							strLocalIp = strIp;
						}
					}
				}

				// 说明是无线网络
				if (pIpAdapterInfo->Type == 71)
				{
					std::string strIp = pIpAddrString->IpAddress.String;
					if (strIp.compare("0.0.0.0") != 0)
					{
						strWLANIp = strIp;
					}
				}
			}
			pIpAdapterInfo = pIpAdapterInfo->Next;
		}
	}
	return true;
}

//调用方式
std::string ip, host;
	getHostNameAndIp(ip, host);
	//测试调用说明：
	有线网链接网络时：host 为网络IP地址
	无线网连接时：ip 为无线网ip.

转载来源https://blog.csdn.net/MissXy_/article/details/89550468

2.linux环境

#include <stdio.h>      
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <ifaddrs.h>
#include <netinet/in.h> 
#include <string> 
#include <arpa/inet.h>

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

	struct ifaddrs * ifAddrStruct = NULL;
	struct ifaddrs * ifa = NULL;
	void * tmpAddrPtr = NULL;

	getifaddrs(&ifAddrStruct);

	for (ifa = ifAddrStruct; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
		if (!ifa->ifa_addr) {
			continue;
		}
		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) { // check it is IP4
												   // is a valid IP4 Address
			tmpAddrPtr = &((struct sockaddr_in *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr;
			char addressBuffer[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
			inet_ntop(AF_INET, tmpAddrPtr, addressBuffer, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
			std::string ip = addressBuffer;
			if (ip != "127.0.0.1")
			{
				printf("%s IP Address %s\n", ifa->ifa_name, addressBuffer);
			}

		}
		 else if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) { // check it is IP6
		 // is a valid IP6 Address
		 tmpAddrPtr = &((struct sockaddr_in6 *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr;
		 char addressBuffer[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
		 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, tmpAddrPtr, addressBuffer, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);
		 printf("%s IP Address %s\n", ifa->ifa_name, addressBuffer);
		 }
	}
	if (ifAddrStruct != NULL) freeifaddrs(ifAddrStruct);
	return 0;
}