java怎样使用jar包中的类_Java动态加载jar包中类的方法

JAVA启动后,经过JVM各级ClassLoader来加载各个类到内存。

JVM的ClassLoader分三层,分别为Bootstrap ClassLoader,Extension ClassLoader,System ClassLoader。

Bootstrap ClassLoader是启动类加载器,它是用C++编写的,从%jre%/lib目录中加载类。

Extension ClassLoader是扩展类加载器,从%jre%/lib/ext目录加载类。

System ClassLoader,系统类加载器,它会从系统环境变量配置的classpath来查找路径。

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情形一  重新jre/lib中的jar包

在windows系统上,我们可以安装多个JDK和JRE。设想一种情形: 我们设定当前JVM启动的是C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre1.7.0_85, 但是我们想读取在C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre1.8.0_60目录下\lib下deploy.jar,并通过com.sun.deploy.util.SecurityBaseline.getDeployVersion()输出当前的deployVersion。

在了解类加载机制后,我们知道lib/deploy.jar是通过启动类加载器加载的,在JVM启动后,如何去加载另一个指定目录中的deply.jar呢?

方法之一是利用写一个简单的main方法,利用命令行机制,java -cp ;C:/Program Files (x86)/Java/jre1.8.0_60/lib/deploy.jar  去加载这个main方法,具体如下

package H1;

import com.sun.deploy.util.SecurityBaseline;

public class GetDeploymentVersionMain {

public static void main(String args[]) {

System.out.println(com.sun.deploy.util.SecurityBaseline.getDeployVersion());

}

}

如何去用java调用shell命令呢?

packageH1;importjava.io.BufferedReader;importjava.io.File;importjava.io.InputStreamReader;public classTestGetDeployVersionMain{public staticString getDeployVersion(String testJREHome) {

File javaFile= new File(testJREHome, "/bin/java");

File deployJar= new File(testJREHome, "/lib/deploy.jar");

Process process= null;

String deployVersion= null;

String classpath= System.getProperty("user.dir");try{

process= Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[] {javaFile.getAbsolutePath(), "-cp", ";" + deployJar.getAbsolutePath()+";"+classpath+"/bin/", "H1.GetDeploymentVersionMain"});

}catch(Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("fail to execute command");

}

System.out.println("before read deploy version...");

System.out.println("the stream is: " +process.getInputStream());try (BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {

String line= null;while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {

System.out.println(line);if (line.matches("^(\\d+\\.)+\\d+")) {

deployVersion=line;

}

}

System.out.println("deployVersion=" +deployVersion);returndeployVersion;

}catch(Exception e) {return "error_version";

}

}public static voidmain(String args[]) {

TestGetDeployVersionMain.getDeployVersion("c:/PROGRA~2/Java/JRE18~1.0_6");

}

}

执行结果:

c:\ws\TestProject\src>java -cp ;c:/PROGRA~2/Java/JRE18~1.0_6/lib/deploy.jar H1.TestGetDeployVersionMain

before read deploy version...

11.60.2.19

deployVersion=11.60.2.19

情形二 加载自定义类中的jar包

在程序运行的时候,如何动态加载自定义的jar包中的类呢?

步骤一 定义一个类

package com.test;

public class Utils {

public void printUtils(){

System.out.println("hello world");

}

}

使用命令jar cvf Utils.jar com/test/Utils.class 将Utils.class构建jar包

步骤二 定义加载方法

public static void loadUtilSJAR() throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{

String class_path = "com.test.Utils";// Jar中的所需要加载的类的类名

String jar_path = "file://c:/Utils.jar";// jar所在的文件的URL

ClassLoader cl = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { new URL(jar_path) });// 从Jar文件得到一个Class加载器

Class> c = cl.loadClass(class_path);// 从加载器中加载Class

Utils util = (Utils) c.newInstance();// 从Class中实例出一个对象

util.printUtils();

}

使用main调用这个方法,类名可以为TestDeployVersion

c:\ws\TestProject\src>java -cp ;c:/Utils.jar TestDeployVersion

hello world

方法三 使用自定义的classloader

具体可参考 http://kalanir.blogspot.jp/2010/01/how-to-write-custom-class-loader-to.html

public class JarClassLoader extends ClassLoader {

private String jarFile = "jar/test.jar"; //Path to the jar file

private Hashtable classes = new Hashtable(); //used to cache already defined classes

public JarClassLoader() {

super(JarClassLoader.class.getClassLoader()); //calls the parent class loader's constructor

}

public Class loadClass(String className) throws ClassNotFoundException {

return findClass(className);

}

public Class findClass(String className) {

byte classByte[];

Class result = null;

result = (Class) classes.get(className); //checks in cached classes

if (result != null) {

return result;

}

try {

return findSystemClass(className);

} catch (Exception e) {

}

try {

JarFile jar = new JarFile(jarFile);

JarEntry entry = jar.getJarEntry(className + ".class");

InputStream is = jar.getInputStream(entry);

ByteArrayOutputStream byteStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int nextValue = is.read();

while (-1 != nextValue) {

byteStream.write(nextValue);

nextValue = is.read();

}

classByte = byteStream.toByteArray();

result = defineClass(className, classByte, 0, classByte.length, null);

classes.put(className, result);

return result;

} catch (Exception e) {

return null;

}

}

}


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