linux catalina.sh java_opts,Tomcat启动脚本catalina.sh---解读

原网址：http://blog.csdn.net/sun8288/article/details/7843127

1 - 概述

脚本catalina.sh用于启动和关闭tomcat服务器，是最关键的脚本

另外的脚本startup.sh和shutdown.sh都是使用不同的参数调用了该脚本

该脚本的使用方法如下(引自该脚本本身)：

echo "Usage: catalina.sh ( commands ... )"

echo "commands:"

echo " debug Start Catalina in a debugger"

echo " debug -security Debug Catalina with a security manager"

echo " embedded Start Catalina in embedded mode"

echo " jpda start Start Catalina under JPDA debugger"

echo " run Start Catalina in the current window"

echo " run -security Start in the current window with security manager"

echo " start Start Catalina in a separate window"

echo " start -security Start in a separate window with security manager"

echo " stop Stop Catalina"

2 - 脚本分析

#!/bin/sh

# =============================================================

# 该脚本设置正确的环境变量和系统信息，然后启动或者停止tomcat server

# 具体的操作是：

# 使用命令行参数作为args的实参，调用org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(String[])

# ==============================================================

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Start/Stop Script for the CATALINA Server

# Environment Variable Prequisites

# CATALINA_HOME May point at your Catalina "build" directory.

# CATALINA_BASE (Optional) Base directory for resolving dynamic portions

# of a Catalina installation. If not present, resolves to

# the same directory that CATALINA_HOME points to.

# CATALINA_OPTS (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "start",

# "stop", or "run" command is executed.

# CATALINA_TMPDIR (Optional) Directory path location of temporary directory

# the JVM should use (java.io.tmpdir). Defaults to

# $CATALINA_BASE/temp.

# JAVA_HOME Must point at your Java Development Kit installation.

# JAVA_OPTS (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "start",

# "stop", or "run" command is executed.

# JPDA_TRANSPORT (Optional) JPDA transport used when the "jpda start"

# command is executed. The default is "dt_socket".

# JPDA_ADDRESS (Optional) Java runtime options used when the "jpda start"

# command is executed. The default is 8000.

# JSSE_HOME (Optional) May point at your Java Secure Sockets Extension

# (JSSE) installation, whose JAR files will be added to the

# system class path used to start Tomcat.

# CATALINA_PID (Optional) Path of the file which should contains the pid

# of catalina startup java process, when start (fork) is used

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# OS specific support. $var _must_ be set to either true or false.

cygwin=false

case "`uname`" in

CYGWIN*) cygwin=true;;

esac

# PRG是被执行的脚本的名称，可以认为PRG=="catalina.sh"，也可能是某个符号链，指向该脚本。

PRG="$0"

# 处理了一下PRG，等循环跳出之后PRG成为 ????

while [ -h "$PRG" ]; do

ls=`ls -ld "$PRG"`

link=`expr "$ls" : '.*-> $.*$$'`

if expr "$link" : '.*/.*' > /dev/null; then

PRG="$link"

else

PRG=`dirname "$PRG"`/"$link"

done

# PRGDIR是PRG的目录路径名称

PRGDIR=`dirname "$PRG"`

# 执行$CATALINA_HOME/BIN/setenv.sh来设置环境变量

# [ -r filename ] 是判断是否文件存在且可读

CATALINA_HOME=`cd "$PRGDIR/.." ; pwd`

if [ -r "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setenv.sh ]; then

. "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setenv.sh

# For Cygwin, 确保所有的路径名都符合UNIX格式

if $cygwin; then

[ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] && JAVA_HOME=`cygpath --unix "$JAVA_HOME"`

[ -n "$CATALINA_HOME" ] && CATALINA_HOME=`cygpath --unix "$CATALINA_HOME"`

[ -n "$CATALINA_BASE" ] && CATALINA_BASE=`cygpath --unix "$CATALINA_BASE"`

[ -n "$CLASSPATH" ] && CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --unix "$CLASSPATH"`

[ -n "$JSSE_HOME" ] && JSSE_HOME=`cygpath --path --unix "$JSSE_HOME"`

# 设置用来初始化SystemClassLoader的CLASSPATH变量：通过执行脚本setclasspath.sh完成

# 注意：脚本setclasspath.sh改变了原来的$CLASSPATH变量，而把它设为：

# CLASSPATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin/bootstrap.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

# 其中bootstrap.jar是package org.apache.catalina.startup的打包文件，

# 含有启动方法org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(String[] args)

# tools.jar含有javac编译器，用来把jsp文件编译成为servlet class

if [ -r "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setclasspath.sh ]; then

BASEDIR="$CATALINA_HOME"

. "$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/setclasspath.sh

else

echo "Cannot find $CATALINA_HOME/bin/setclasspath.sh"

echo "This file is needed to run this program"

exit 1

# 在CLASSPATH环境变量后面补上一些JAR文件

# [ -n string ] 判断字符串是否长度非0；[ -z string ] 判断字符串是否长度为0

# 它们可以用来判断是否某个环境变量已经被设置

if [ -n "$JSSE_HOME" ]; then

CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH":"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jcert.jar:"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jnet.jar:"$JSSE_HOME"/lib/jsse.jar

CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH":"$CATALINA_HOME"/bin/bootstrap.jar

# 指定CATALINA_BASE变量

# 如果CATALINA_BASE没有值，就让CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_HOME

if [ -z "$CATALINA_BASE" ] ; then

CATALINA_BASE="$CATALINA_HOME"

# 指定CATALINA_TMPDIR变量

# 如果CATALINA_TMPDIR没有值，就让CATALINA_TMPDIR=$CATALINA_BASE/temp

if [ -z "$CATALINA_TMPDIR" ] ; then

# Define the java.io.tmpdir to use for Catalina

CATALINA_TMPDIR="$CATALINA_BASE"/temp

# For Cygwin, 在执行java程序前把路径名转换成WINDOWS格式

if $cygwin; then

JAVA_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$JAVA_HOME"`

CATALINA_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_HOME"`

CATALINA_BASE=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_BASE"`

CATALINA_TMPDIR=`cygpath --path --windows "$CATALINA_TMPDIR"`

CLASSPATH=`cygpath --path --windows "$CLASSPATH"`

JSSE_HOME=`cygpath --path --windows "$JSSE_HOME"`

# 显示信息，然后执行命令

echo "Using CATALINA_BASE: $CATALINA_BASE"

echo "Using CATALINA_HOME: $CATALINA_HOME"

echo "Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: $CATALINA_TMPDIR"

echo "Using JAVA_HOME: $JAVA_HOME"

# ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是jpda的时候......

if [ "$1" = "jpda" ] ; then

if [ -z "$JPDA_TRANSPORT" ]; then

JPDA_TRANSPORT="dt_socket"

if [ -z "$JPDA_ADDRESS" ]; then

JPDA_ADDRESS="8000"

if [ -z "$JPDA_OPTS" ]; then

JPDA_OPTS="-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=$JPDA_TRANSPORT,address=$JPDA_ADDRESS,server=y,suspend=n"

CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS $JPDA_OPTS"

shift

# ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是debug的时候......

if [ "$1" = "debug" ] ; then

shift

if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then

echo "Using Security Manager"

shift

exec "$_RUNJDB" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-sourcepath "$CATALINA_HOME"/../../jakarta-tomcat-4.0/catalina/src/share \

-Djava.security.manager \

-Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start

else

exec "$_RUNJDB" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-sourcepath "$CATALINA_HOME"/../../jakarta-tomcat-4.0/catalina/src/share \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start

# ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是embedded的时候......

elif [ "$1" = "embedded" ] ; then

shift

echo "Embedded Classpath: $CLASSPATH"

exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Embedded "$@"

# +----------------------------------------------------+

# | ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是run的时候...... |

# | 在当前窗口中启动tomcat服务器！！！ |

# +----------------------------------------------------+

elif [ "$1" = "run" ]; then

# 把参数run去掉

shift

# 如果参数是run -security，则启动Security Manager

if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then

echo "Using Security Manager"

shift

exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-Djava.security.manager \

-Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start

# 如果参数是孤单的run，则在本窗口中启动tomcat服务器

# 在本窗口中启动的方法是使用exec，让当前进程fork一个新进程来启动tomcat，当前进程是tomcat的父进程

# 启动tomcat的类是org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main("start");

else

exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start

# +----------------------------------------------------+

# | ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是start的时候...... |

# | 在新窗口中启动tomcat服务器！！！ |

# +----------------------------------------------------+

elif [ "$1" = "start" ] ; then

# 把参数start去掉

shift

# 创建一个文件(如果文件不存在的话)$CATALINA_BASE/logs/catalina.out

touch "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out

# 如果参数是start -security，则启动Security Manager

if [ "$1" = "-security" ] ; then

echo "Using Security Manager"

shift

"$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-Djava.security.manager \

-Djava.security.policy=="$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start \

>> "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out 2>&1 &

if [ ! -z "$CATALINA_PID" ]; then

echo $! > $CATALINA_PID

# 如果参数是孤单的start，那么在新窗口中启动tomcat

else

"$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" start \

>> "$CATALINA_BASE"/logs/catalina.out 2>&1 &

if [ ! -z "$CATALINA_PID" ]; then

echo $! > $CATALINA_PID

# +----------------------------------------------------+

# | ......当执行catalina.sh的参数是stop的时候...... |

# | 关闭tomcat服务器！！！ |

# +----------------------------------------------------+

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ] ; then

# 把参数stop去掉

shift

# 关闭tomcat服务器的类是org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap->main("stop");

# 注意：java -D 是设置系统属性

exec "$_RUNJAVA" $JAVA_OPTS $CATALINA_OPTS \

-Djava.endorsed.dirs="$JAVA_ENDORSED_DIRS" -classpath "$CLASSPATH" \

-Dcatalina.base="$CATALINA_BASE" \

-Dcatalina.home="$CATALINA_HOME" \

-Djava.io.tmpdir="$CATALINA_TMPDIR" \

org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap "$@" stop

# +----------------------------------------------------+

# | ......当执行catalina.sh的参数不可辨认的时候...... |

# | 打印帮助信息，由此查看各种参数代表的意义！！！ |

# +----------------------------------------------------+

else

echo "Usage: catalina.sh ( commands ... )"

echo "commands:"

echo " debug Start Catalina in a debugger"

echo " debug -security Debug Catalina with a security manager"

echo " embedded Start Catalina in embedded mode"

echo " jpda start Start Catalina under JPDA debugger"

echo " run Start Catalina in the current window"

echo " run -security Start in the current window with security manager"

echo " start Start Catalina in a separate window"

echo " start -security Start in a separate window with security manager"

echo " stop Stop Catalina"

exit 1