【云原生】ingress-controller在多k8s集群中的应用

一、背景  

众所周知,单k8s集群可以通过ingress-controller,解析ingress资源,将对应的请求发送到对应的pod中。

/ 单k8s集群

单k8s集群问题

但在实际⽣产中,node机器可能会分布在不同的区域,各区域间⽹络波动较⼤,调度将变得⾮常困难。

此时就会考虑使⽤多 k8s 集群。

/ 多k8s集群

多k8s集群问题

但在使用多k8s集群时,中⼼集群又该如何⾃定义策略调度到不同的集群?

⽐如:

武汉集群⽹络好,想要80%的请求调度到武汉集群,20%的请求调度到珠海集群。

如果使⽤扁平⽹络架构,每个集群中的 node 都是可以互相访问的,此时每⼀个集群都要部署

ingress-controller,就会造成资源浪费以及流量转发次数过多。

二、解决思路    

为了解决上述问题,我们可以在中⼼集群部署⼀个 Ingress-controller,从crd资源中读取路由策略,修改ingress-controller中的nginx配置,通过 split_clients 路由到不同的集群中。

该流量模型可通过ingress-controller中的nginx配置实现。

nginx路由规则

当收到 http://cafe.example.com/tea 请求时,先匹配到 location /tea{...}。

然后通过 split_clients, 按集群重新分配 location。a% 的流量路由到 location / 集群 1/tea,b% 的流量路由到lcoation /集群 2/tea。

然后分别 upstream 分配到各⾃集群的 pod 中。

nginx.conf配置⽂件参考

upstream 集群1-服务1-80 {    zone 集群1-服务1-80 256k;    random two least_conn;    server 集群1podIP:集群1podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    server 集群1podIP:集群1podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    server 集群1podIP:集群1podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    }upstream 集群2-服务1-80 {    zone 集群2-服务1-80 256k;    random two least_conn;    server 集群2podIP:集群2podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    server 集群2podIP:集群2podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    server 集群2podIP:集群2podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0; }upstream 集群1-服务2-80 {    zone 集群1-服务2-80 256k;    random two least_conn;    server 集群1podIP:集群1podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    server 集群1podIP:集群1podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;}upstream 集群2-服务2-80 {    zone 集群2-服务2-80 256k;    random two least_conn;    server 集群2podIP:集群2podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    server 集群2podIP:集群2podPort max_fails=1 fail_timeout=10s max_conns=0;    }split_clients $request_id $服务1 {    * /集群1-服务1;}split_clients $request_id $服务2 {    a% /集群1-服务2;    b% /集群2-服务2;}server {  listen 80;  listen [::]:80;  server_tokens on;  server_name cafe.example.com;  set $resource_type "ingress";  set $resource_name "cafe-ctp";  set $resource_namespace "default";    location /tea {    rewrite ^ $服务1 last;    }    location /coffee {    rewrite ^ $服务2 last;    }    location /集群1-服务1 {set $service "";
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_connect_timeout 60s;proxy_read_timeout 60s;proxy_send_timeout 60s;client_max_body_size 1m;proxy_set_header Host $host;proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;proxy_buffering on;
proxy_pass http://集群1-服务1-80;} 
location /集群1-服务2 {  set $service "";  proxy_http_version 1.1;  proxy_connect_timeout 60s;  proxy_read_timeout 60s;  proxy_send_timeout 60s;  client_max_body_size 1m;  proxy_set_header Host $host;  proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;  proxy_buffering on;  proxy_pass http://集群1-服务2-80;}
location /集群2-服务2 {  set $service "";  proxy_http_version 1.1;  proxy_connect_timeout 60s;  proxy_read_timeout 60s;  proxy_send_timeout 60s;  client_max_body_size 1m;  proxy_set_header Host $host;  proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;  proxy_buffering on;    proxy_pass http://集群2-服务2-80;}}

ingress-controller的作⽤

此时,对于ingress-controller需要做的内容就是整合资源并修改配置⽂件,然后重启nginx使配置⽂件⽣效。根据crd实现split_clients配置,根据service和 endpoints实现upstream的配置。

三、方案实现    

step 1:  搭建多集群扁平⽹络

通过静态route⽅式实现,在中⼼集群添加两条 route 策略:

  • route add -net 10.233.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 1.1.1.1 dev xxx

  • route add -net 10.244.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 2.2.2.2 dev xxx 

Step 2:修改 ingress-controller

源码分析

GitHub地址:

https://github.com/nginxinc/kubernetes-ingress

原型开发

注:原型开发只是⼀个 demo 版本,仅⽀持少量基本功能

基于源码分析,剥离出以下⼏个组件:

  • balancer:核⼼控制器。

  • Client:各个 cluster 的客户端信息。通过 k8s 配置信息,连接 k8s 的 apiserver。

  • Controller:k8s 的资源交互。定义如何处理监听到的 k8s 资源变更。

  • Store:k8s 资源存储。

  • Configurator:k8s 资源整合,转换并更新为 nginx 配置。

代码逻辑如下:

启动项⽬时,先初始化 balancer,然后再启动 balancer。

初始化balancer:

  • 初始化 client通过指定的 k8s 配置信息(该配置信息通过 configmap 的⽅式,配置到容器的环境变量中),初始化 k8s 的 apiserver 客户端。client 包含 localClient 和 watchClient。localClient 是 ingress-controller 所在的 k8s 环境,即中⼼集群;watchClient 是⼀个数组,存储 被管理的集群。

  • 初始化 controller:实现 Controller 接⼝,⼀个 controller 对应⼀种资源的监听处理。⽬前所涉及到的 InformerController 资源有:CRD,Service,Endpoints。

  • 初始化 store:实现 InformerStore 接⼝,存储所有的 informer 资源。⽬前使⽤内存的⽅式实现。

  • 初始化 configurator:实现 Configurator 接⼝,包含 nginx 的启动,重构及停⽌。⽬前通过执⾏nginx ⼆进制命令的⽅式实现。

启动balancer

  • 启动 nginx:通过 Confugurator 的 start 接⼝启动 nginx。⽣成 nginx.conf ⽂件,执⾏ nginx 命令

  • 启动 controller:启动 controller 时,先把所有获取到的资源,存⼊ store 中。

  • 开启循环监听:将所识别到的资源变更存⼊⼀个处理队列中。

  • 轮询处理队列:从 store 中获取实际变更资源,然后通过 configurator 对这些资源进⾏整合, 并⽣成对应的配置⽂件,执⾏ nginx -s reload 命令。

新增crd资源

crd资源定义:

https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/c

ustom-resource-definitions/

crd 资源

apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1kind: CustomResourceDefinitionmetadata: annotations: controller-gen.kubebuilder.io/version: v0.8.0 creationTimestamp: null name: clustertrafficpolicies.k8s.nginx.orgspec: group: k8s.nginx.org names: kind: ClusterTrafficPolicy listKind: ClusterTrafficPolicyList plural: clustertrafficpolicies shortNames: - ctp singular: clustertrafficpolicy scope: Namespaced versions: - name: v1 schema: openAPIV3Schema: description: muticluster traffic policy for same service. type: object properties: apiVersion: description: 'APIVersion defines the versioned schema of thisrepresentation of an object. Servers should convert recognized schemas tothe latest internal value, and may reject unrecognized values. More info:https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/apiconventions.md#resources' type: string kind: description: 'Kind is a string value representing the RESTresource this object represents. Servers may infer this from the endpointthe client submits requests to. Cannot be updated. In CamelCase. More info:https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/apiconventions.md#types-kinds' type: string metadata: type: object spec: description: VirtualServerSpec is the spec of theVirtualServer resource. type: object properties: defaultBackend: type: object description: defaultBackend is the backend that shouldhandle requests that don't match any rule properties: service: type: object description: service refernences a Service asBackend. properties: namespace: type: string name: type: string port: type: object description: Port of the referenced serivice properties: name: type: string number: type: integer clusterTrafficPolicy: type: array items: description: cluster traffic policy for muticluster type: object properties: name: type: string description: the cluster name which is definedin ingress-watch-cluster weight: type: integer description: the weight for current cluster rules: type: array items: description: a list of host rules used to configure theclustertrafficpolicy type: object properties: host: type: string description: host is the fully qualified domainname of a network host, as defined by RFC 3986 http: type: object description: a list of http selectors pointing tobackends. properties: paths: type: array items: type: object description: a collection of paths that maprequests to backends properties: path: type: string pathType: type: string backend: type: object properties: service: type: object description: service refernences aService as Backend. properties: namespace: type: string name: type: string port: type: object description: Port of thereferenced serivice properties: name: type: string number: type: integer clusterTrafficPolicy: type: array items: description: cluster traffic policyfor muticluster type: object properties: name: type: string description: the cluster namewhich is defined in ingress-watch-cluster weight: type: integer description: the weight forcurrent cluster served: true storage: true subresources: status: { }status: acceptedNames: kind: "" plural: "" conditions: [ ] storedVersions: [ ]

使⽤code-generator⽣成go代码:

需⾃定义的⽂件:

  • doc.go:定义包名注释

  • types.go:定义代码⽣⽣成注释及crd结构体

  • register.go:注册到api-server中

  • 运⾏脚本:

    https://github.com/kubernetes/code-generator/blob/master/generate-groups.sh.

脚本⽣成⽂件:

zz_generated.deepcopy.go

client⽬录下所有⽂件


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