一、下载

下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

二、解压

tar xvf mysql-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

三、按顺序安装rpm包

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装client会报错：

警告：mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 
错误：依赖检测失败：
        libncurses.so.5()(64bit) 被 mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 需要
        libtinfo.so.5()(64bit) 被 mysql-community-client-5.7.36-1.el7.x86_64 需要

执行以下命令，安装ncurses-compat-libs解决：

dnf install ncurses-compat-libs

四、启动

systemctl  start  mysqld

五、找到初始密码

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep 'password is generated'

六、修改密码并授权

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxxxx';
grant all privileges on *.*  to  'root'@'%'  identified by 'xxxxxx'  with grant option;
flush privileges;

七、开启防火墙，允许外网访问

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --list-ports