1.请求映射
1.1 rest 请求
- Rest风格支持(使用HTTP请求方式动词来表示对资源的操
- 以前:/getUser 获取用户 /deleteUser 删除用户 /editUser 修改用户 /saveUser 保存用户
- 现在: /user GET-获取用户 DELETE-删除用户 PUT-修改用户 POST-保存用户
- 核心Filter;HiddenHttpMethodFilter
- 用法: ①表单method=post,隐藏域 _method=put ,②SpringBoot中手动开启
- @xxxMapping
1.2 rest 请求原理
- 表单提交会带上_method=PUT
- 请求过来被HiddenHttpMethodFilter拦截
- 请求是否正常,并且是POST
- 获取到_method的值
- 兼容以下请求;PUT.DELETE.PATCH
- 原生request(post),包装模式requesWrapper重写了getMethod方法,返回的是传入的值。
- 过滤器链放行的时候用wrapper。以后的方法调用getMethod是调用requesWrapper的。
- 请求是否正常,并且是POST
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc.hiddenmethod.filter", name = "enabled", matchIfMissing = false)
public OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter() {
return new OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter();
}
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.class)
从这里我们可以知道只要我们自己配置了bean,那么就用我们自己的
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = “spring.mvc.hiddenmethod.filter”, name = “enabled”, matchIfMissing = false)
从这我们可以知道默认这个过滤器是不开启的,要开启的话需要我们手动开启
进入HiddenHttpMethodFilter类
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpServletRequest requestToUse = request;
if ("POST".equals(request.getMethod()) && request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception") == null) {
// 获取到_method的值
String paramValue = request.getParameter(this.methodParam);
if (StringUtils.hasLength(paramValue)) {
String method = paramValue.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
// 兼容以下请求;PUT.DELETE.PATCH
if (ALLOWED_METHODS.contains(method)) {
//包装模式requesWrapper重写了getMethod方法,返回的是传入的值。
requestToUse = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter.HttpMethodRequestWrapper(request, method);
}
}
}
//过滤器链放行的时候用wrapper。以后的方法调用getMethod是调用requesWrapper的。
filterChain.doFilter((ServletRequest)requestToUse, response);
}
1.3 rest使用客户端工具如postman 则无需使用filter
2.请求映射原理
先回顾下SpringMvc的原理图
SpringMVC功能分析都从 org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet------> doDispatch()
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
try {
ModelAndView mv = null;
Exception dispatchException = null;
try {
processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
// 找到当前请求使用哪个Handler(Controller的方法)处理
mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
//HandlerMapping:处理器映射。/xxx->>xxxx

RequestMappingHandlerMapping:保存了所有@RequestMapping 和handler的映射规则。
protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
if (this.handlerMappings != null) {
for (HandlerMapping mapping : this.handlerMappings) {
HandlerExecutionChain handler = mapping.getHandler(request);
if (handler != null) {
return handler;
}
}
}
return null;
}
SpringBoot自动配置欢迎页WelcomePageHandlerMapping 。访问 /能访问到index.html;
SpringBoot自动配置了默认 的 RequestMappingHandlerMapping
请求进来,挨个尝试所有的HandlerMapping看是否有请求信息。
如果有就找到这个请求对应的handler
如果没有就是下一个 HandlerMapping我们需要一些自定义的映射处理,我们也可以自己给容器中放HandlerMapping。自定义 HandlerMapping
3.请求处理—常用的参数注解
@PathVariable、@RequestHeader、@ModelAttribute、@RequestParam、@MatrixVariable、@CookieValue、@RequestBody @RequestAttribute
@RestController
public class ParameterTestController {
// car/2/owner/zhangsan
@GetMapping("/car/{id}/owner/{username}")
public Map<String,Object> getCar(@PathVariable("id") Integer id,
@PathVariable("username") String name,
@PathVariable Map<String,String> pv,
@RequestHeader("User-Agent") String userAgent,
@RequestHeader Map<String,String> header,
@RequestParam("age") Integer age,
@RequestParam("inters") List<String> inters,
@RequestParam Map<String,String> params,
@CookieValue("_ga") String _ga,
@CookieValue("_ga") Cookie cookie){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
// map.put("id",id);
// map.put("name",name);
// map.put("pv",pv);
// map.put("userAgent",userAgent);
// map.put("headers",header);
map.put("age",age);
map.put("inters",inters);
map.put("params",params);
map.put("_ga",_ga);
System.out.println(cookie.getName()+"===>"+cookie.getValue());
return map;
}
@PostMapping("/save")
public Map postMethod(@RequestBody String content){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("content",content);
return map;
}
//1、语法: 请求路径:/cars/sell;low=34;brand=byd,audi,yd
//2、SpringBoot默认是禁用了矩阵变量的功能
// 手动开启:原理。对于路径的处理。UrlPathHelper进行解析。
// removeSemicolonContent(移除分号内容)支持矩阵变量的
//3、矩阵变量必须有url路径变量才能被解析
@GetMapping("/cars/{path}")
public Map carsSell(@MatrixVariable("low") Integer low,
@MatrixVariable("brand") List<String> brand,
@PathVariable("path") String path){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("low",low);
map.put("brand",brand);
map.put("path",path);
return map;
}
// /boss/1;age=20/2;age=10
@GetMapping("/boss/{bossId}/{empId}")
public Map boss(@MatrixVariable(value = "age",pathVar = "bossId") Integer bossAge,
@MatrixVariable(value = "age",pathVar = "empId") Integer empAge){
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("bossAge",bossAge);
map.put("empAge",empAge);
return map;
}
}
关于SpringBootMVC 功能 自定义
如果你想定制化一些功能,只需要写这个组件,然后把他交给SpringBoot,他会自动帮我们装配。
在springMVC中有许多xxxConfiguration 配置类,这个就要注意了,帮助我们进行了扩展配置
①If you want to keep those Spring Boot MVC customizations and make more MVC customizations (interceptors, formatters, view controllers, and other features), you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurer but without @EnableWebMvc.
不用@EnableWebMvc注解。使用 @Configuration + WebMvcConfigurer 自定义规则
②If you want to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter, or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver, and still keep the Spring Boot MVC customizations, you can declare a bean of type WebMvcRegistrations and use it to provide custom instances of those components.
声明 WebMvcRegistrations 改变默认底层组件
③If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own @Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc, or alternatively add your own @Configuration-annotated DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration as described in the Javadoc of @EnableWebMvc.
使用 @EnableWebMvc+@Configuration+DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration 全面接管SpringMVC
自定义SpringMVC的功能
