1、引入Netty的依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
<version>4.1.33.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.2.3</version>
</dependency>
2、在NettyConfig中定义一个channel组,管理所有的channel,再定义一个map,管理用户与channel的对应关系。
/**
* @author sixiaojie
* @date 2020-03-28-15:07
*/
public class NettyConfig {
/**
* 定义一个channel组,管理所有的channel
* GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE 是全局的事件执行器,是一个单例
*/
private static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
/**
* 存放用户与Chanel的对应信息,用于给指定用户发送消息
*/
private static ConcurrentHashMap<String,Channel> userChannelMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
private NettyConfig() {}
/**
* 获取channel组
* @return
*/
public static ChannelGroup getChannelGroup() {
return channelGroup;
}
/**
* 获取用户channel map
* @return
*/
public static ConcurrentHashMap<String,Channel> getUserChannelMap(){
return userChannelMap;
}
}
3、创建NettyServer,定义两个EventLoopGroup,bossGroup辅助客户端的tcp连接请求, workGroup负责与客户端之前的读写操作,需要说明的是,需要开启一个新的线程来执行netty server,要不然会阻塞主线程,到时候就无法调用项目的其他controller接口了
@Component
public class NettyServer{
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
/**
* webSocket协议名
*/
private static final String WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL = "WebSocket";
/**
* 端口号
*/
@Value("${webSocket.netty.port:58080}")
private int port;
/**
* webSocket路径
*/
@Value("${webSocket.netty.path:/webSocket}")
private String webSocketPath;
@Autowired
private WebSocketHandler webSocketHandler;
private EventLoopGroup bossGroup;
private EventLoopGroup workGroup;
/**
* 启动
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
private void start() throws InterruptedException {
bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
// bossGroup辅助客户端的tcp连接请求, workGroup负责与客户端之前的读写操作
bootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup);
// 设置NIO类型的channel
bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
// 设置监听端口
bootstrap.localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port));
// 连接到达时会创建一个通道
bootstrap.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
// 流水线管理通道中的处理程序(Handler),用来处理业务
// webSocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http编解码器
ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new ObjectEncoder());
// 以块的方式来写的处理器
ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
/*
说明:
1、http数据在传输过程中是分段的,HttpObjectAggregator可以将多个段聚合
2、这就是为什么,当浏览器发送大量数据时,就会发送多次http请求
*/
ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
/*
说明:
1、对应webSocket,它的数据是以帧(frame)的形式传递
2、浏览器请求时 ws://localhost:58080/xxx 表示请求的uri
3、核心功能是将http协议升级为ws协议,保持长连接
*/
ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler(webSocketPath, WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL, true, 65536 * 10));
// 自定义的handler,处理业务逻辑
ch.pipeline().addLast(webSocketHandler);
}
});
// 配置完成,开始绑定server,通过调用sync同步方法阻塞直到绑定成功
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind().sync();
log.info("Server started and listen on:{}",channelFuture.channel().localAddress());
// 对关闭通道进行监听
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}
/**
* 释放资源
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
@PreDestroy
public void destroy() throws InterruptedException {
if(bossGroup != null){
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
if(workGroup != null){
workGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
}
@PostConstruct()
public void init() {
//需要开启一个新的线程来执行netty server 服务器
new Thread(() -> {
try {
start();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}).start();
}
}
4、具体实现业务的WebSocketHandler,具体实现逻辑看注释
/**
* TextWebSocketFrame类型, 表示一个文本帧
* @author sixiaojie
* @date 2020-03-28-13:47
*/
@Component
@ChannelHandler.Sharable
public class WebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
/**
* 一旦连接,第一个被执行
* @param ctx
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
log.info("handlerAdded 被调用"+ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
// 添加到channelGroup 通道组
NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().add(ctx.channel());
}
/**
* 读取数据
*/
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
log.info("服务器收到消息:{}",msg.text());
// 获取用户ID,关联channel
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONUtil.parseObj(msg.text());
String uid = jsonObject.getStr("uid");
NettyConfig.getUserChannelMap().put(uid,ctx.channel());
// 将用户ID作为自定义属性加入到channel中,方便随时channel中获取用户ID
AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId");
ctx.channel().attr(key).setIfAbsent(uid);
// 回复消息
ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器连接成功!"));
}
@Override
public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
log.info("handlerRemoved 被调用"+ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
// 删除通道
NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel());
removeUserId(ctx);
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
log.info("异常:{}",cause.getMessage());
// 删除通道
NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel());
removeUserId(ctx);
ctx.close();
}
/**
* 删除用户与channel的对应关系
* @param ctx
*/
private void removeUserId(ChannelHandlerContext ctx){
AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId");
String userId = ctx.channel().attr(key).get();
NettyConfig.getUserChannelMap().remove(userId);
}
}
5、第四具体消息推送的接口
public interface PushService {
/**
* 推送给指定用户
* @param userId
* @param msg
*/
void pushMsgToOne(String userId,String msg);
/**
* 推送给所有用户
* @param msg
*/
void pushMsgToAll(String msg);
}
@Service
@Slf4j
public class PushServiceImpl implements PushService {
@Override
public void pushMsgToOne(String userId, String msg) {
ConcurrentHashMap<String, Channel> userChannelMap = NettyConfig.getUserChannelMap();
Channel channel = userChannelMap.get(userId);
if (null != channel) {
channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg));
}
}
@Override
public void pushMsgToAll(String msg) {
NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg));
}
}
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