1.系统
1.1版本
uname -a 能确认是64位还是32位，其它的信息不多
[root@ecs-681b ~]# uname -a
Linux ecs-681b 3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64
#1 SMP Fri Dec 6 15:49:49 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
more /etc/*release 可以看到更多信息
[root@ecs-681b ~]# more /etc/*release
::::::::::::::
/etc/centos-release
::::::::::::::
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
::::::::::::::
/etc/os-release
::::::::::::::
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="7"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"
::::::::::::::
/etc/redhat-release
::::::::::::::
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
::::::::::::::
/etc/system-release
::::::::::::::
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
1.2核数
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c
[root@ecs-681b ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c
4 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz
# 4 个逻辑CPU
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep physical | uniq -c
[root@ecs-681b ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep physical | uniq -c
1 physical id : 0
1 address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
1 physical id : 0
1 address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
1 physical id : 0
1 address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
1 physical id : 0
1 address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
# 由4个1核的CPU组成4核
cat /proc/cpuinfo可以看到更为详细的信息
[root@ecs-681b ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 79
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz
stepping : 1
microcode : 0x1
cpu MHz : 2394.456
cache size : 35840 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 4
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm rdseed adx smap xsaveopt arat spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d
bogomips : 4788.91
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
processor : 1
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 79
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz
stepping : 1
microcode : 0x1
cpu MHz : 2394.456
cache size : 35840 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 4
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 1
initial apicid : 1
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm rdseed adx smap xsaveopt arat spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d
bogomips : 4788.91
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
processor : 2
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 79
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz
stepping : 1
microcode : 0x1
cpu MHz : 2394.456
cache size : 35840 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 4
core id : 1
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 2
initial apicid : 2
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm rdseed adx smap xsaveopt arat spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d
bogomips : 4788.91
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
processor : 3
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 79
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz
stepping : 1
microcode : 0x1
cpu MHz : 2394.456
cache size : 35840 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 4
core id : 1
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 3
initial apicid : 3
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm rdseed adx smap xsaveopt arat spec_ctrl intel_stibp flush_l1d
bogomips : 4788.91
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
1.3运行模式
getconf LONG_BIT CPU运行在多少位模式下
[root@ecs-681b ~]# getconf LONG_BIT
64
# 如果是32，说明当前CPU运行在32bit模式下, 但不代表CPU不支持64bit
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags | grep ‘ lm ‘ | wc -l 是否支持64位
[root@ecs-681b ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags | grep ' lm ' | wc -l
1
# 结果大于0, 说明支持64bit计算. lm指long mode, 支持lm则是64bit
1.4计算机名
hostname
[root@ecs-681b ~]# hostname
ecs-681b
1.5.查看环境变量
env
[root@ecs-681b ~]# env
XDG_SESSION_ID=2055
HOSTNAME=ecs-681b
TERM=xterm
SHELL=/bin/bash
HISTSIZE=10000
SSH_CLIENT=124.116.213.125 15654 22
SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/1
JRE_HOME=/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112/jre
USER=root
LS_COLORS=rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=01;05;37;41:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=01;36:*.au=01;36:*.flac=01;36:*.mid=01;36:*.midi=01;36:*.mka=01;36:*.mp3=01;36:*.mpc=01;36:*.ogg=01;36:*.ra=01;36:*.wav=01;36:*.axa=01;36:*.oga=01;36:*.spx=01;36:*.xspf=01;36:
MAIL=/var/spool/mail/root
PATH=/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
PWD=/root
JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
SHLVL=1
HOME=/root
LOGNAME=root
CLASSPATH=.:/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112/lib:/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_112/jre/lib
SSH_CONNECTION=124.116.213.125 15654 192.168.1.111 22
LESSOPEN=||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s
XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/0
HISTTIMEFORMAT=%F %T root
_=/usr/bin/env
1.6系统允许多长时间了/负载数
uptime
[root@ecs-681b ~]# uptime
11:53:17 up 79 days, 16:52, 5 users, load average: 0.17, 0.14, 0.14
# 1.当前时间 11:53:17
# 2.系统运行了多少时间,79 days
# 3.多少个用户,5 users
# 4.平均负载：0.17, 0.14, 0.14，最近1分钟、5分钟、15分钟系统的负载
直接查看平均负载情况 cat /proc/loadavg
[root@ecs-681b ~]# cat /proc/loadavg
0.13 0.13 0.14 1/392 5598
# 除了前3个数字表示平均进程数量外，后面的1个分数，分母表示系统进程总数，分子表示正在运行的进程数；最后一个数字表示最近运行的进程ID
2.资源
2.1内存
cat /proc/meminfo 内存的详细信息
[root@ecs-681b ~]# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 8008328 kB
MemFree: 645032 kB
MemAvailable: 3457004 kB
Buffers: 318304 kB
Cached: 2642500 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 5865072 kB
Inactive: 1170888 kB
Active(anon): 4085460 kB
Inactive(anon): 31572 kB
Active(file): 1779612 kB
Inactive(file): 1139316 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
SwapTotal: 524284 kB
SwapFree: 524284 kB
Dirty: 48 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 4075176 kB
Mapped: 116608 kB
Shmem: 41880 kB
Slab: 227592 kB
SReclaimable: 199024 kB
SUnreclaim: 28568 kB
KernelStack: 6336 kB
PageTables: 17048 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 4528448 kB
Committed_AS: 5387360 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 20368 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359712252 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 2854912 kB
CmaTotal: 0 kB
CmaFree: 0 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 235008 kB
DirectMap2M: 5007360 kB
DirectMap1G: 5242880 kB
# MemTotal总内存，MemFree可用内存
free -m(-m，单位是m，如果是-g，单位是g）查看可用内存
[root@ecs-681b ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7820 4105 629 40 3085 3375
Swap: 511 0 511
# 空闲内存total-used=free+buff/cache
# 我们通过free命令查看机器空闲内存时，会发现free的值很小。这主要是因为，在linux中有这么一种思想，内存不用白不用，因此它尽可能的cache和buffer一些数据，以方便下次使用。但实际上这些内存也是可以立刻拿来使用的。
3.磁盘和分区
3.1查看各分区使用情况
df -h
[root@ecs-681b ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 41M 3.8G 2% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 40G 12G 26G 32% /
tmpfs 783M 0 783M 0% /run/user/0
overlay 40G 12G 26G 32% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/e864aa7f691c2e252e11451a25e8ea7d158b056bbaba16c3545250f0fca940ba/merged
3.2查看指定目录的大小
du -sh <目录名>
[root@ecs-681b ~]# du -sh /root
2.7G /root
3.3查看所有分区
fdisk -l
[root@ecs-681b ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000af5dd
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 83886079 41942016 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xc434bb17
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 629143551 314570752 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
3.4查看所有交换分区
swapon -s
[root@ecs-681b ~]# swapon -s
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/swapfile file 524284 0 -2
4.网络
4.1查看所有网络接口的属性
ifconfig
[root@ecs-681b ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
inet6 fe80::42:b9ff:fe98:82e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 02:42:b9:98:08:2e txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 242680 bytes 216871271 (206.8 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 223999 bytes 109257415 (104.1 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.111 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe34:71f1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether fa:16:3e:34:71:f1 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 3168418 bytes 1914097091 (1.7 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 4157278 bytes 1350611602 (1.2 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 3142990 bytes 449701564 (428.8 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3142990 bytes 449701564 (428.8 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
veth16eab8a: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::5897:bdff:fe8b:9b47 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 5a:97:bd:8b:9b:47 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 242598 bytes 220256919 (210.0 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 223908 bytes 109251286 (104.1 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
4.2 带宽
ethtool 网卡名
[root@ecs-681b ~]# ethtool ens192
Settings for ens192:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 1000baseT/Full
10000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: No
Advertised link modes: Not reported
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: No
Speed: 10000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: off
MDI-X: Unknown
Supports Wake-on: uag
Wake-on: d
Link detected: yes
#看Speed
4.3查看路由表
route -n
[root@ecs-681b ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0
169.254.169.254 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 100 0 0 eth0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 eth0
4.4查看所有监听端口
netstat -lntp
[root@ecs-681b ~]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 931/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5692/redis-server 0
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1671/sshd
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 5889/java
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 931/master
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 :::* LISTEN 5889/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8002 :::* LISTEN 808/java
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 7042/docker-proxy
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 5889/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8010 :::* LISTEN 808/java
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 808/java
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1671/sshd
4.5查看所有已经建立的连接
netstat -antp
[root@ecs-681b ~]# netstat -antp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 743/rpcbind
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1740/nginx: master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1740/nginx: master
tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2194/dnsmasq
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1543/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12610/cupsd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:40536 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19964/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2133/master
tcp 0 0 172.31.4.233:22 121.34.147.13:57190 ESTABLISHED 29540/sshd: cavan [
tcp 0 0 172.31.4.233:22 121.34.147.13:54544 ESTABLISHED 27077/sshd: cavan [
tcp 0 96 172.31.4.233:22 219.137.32.66:60645 ESTABLISHED 30315/sshd: root@pt
tcp 0 0 172.31.4.233:22 121.34.147.13:56319 ESTABLISHED 28703/sshd: cavan [
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 743/rpcbind
tcp6 0 0 :::81 :::* LISTEN 1740/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1543/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 12610/cupsd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2133/master
tcp6 0 0 :::35420 :::* LISTEN 19964/rpc.statd
4.6 某端口使用情况
lsof -i:端口号
[root@ecs-681b ~]# lsof -i:22
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd 1150 root 3u IPv4 18264 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd 1150 root 4u IPv6 18273 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd 2617 root 3u IPv4 20437 0t0 TCP localhost.localdomain:ssh->192.168.174.1:60426 (ESTABLISHED)
netstat -apn|grep 端口号
[root@ecs-681b ~]# netstat -apn|grep 22
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1150/sshd
tcp 0 96 192.168.174.136:22 192.168.174.1:60426 ESTABLISHED 2617/sshd: root@pts
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1150/sshd
5.进程
5.1查看所有进程
ps -ef,使用ps -ef|gerp tomcat过滤
[root@ecs-681b ~]# ps -ef
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 Feb21 ? 00:14:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22
root 2 0 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:00 [kthreadd]
root 4 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:0H]
root 6 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:01 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 7 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:00 [migration/0]
root 8 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_bh]
root 9 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:23:47 [rcu_sched]
root 10 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:00 [lru-add-drain]
root 11 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:19 [watchdog/0]
root 12 2 0 Feb21 ? 00:00:15 [watchdog/1]
ps -aux可以看到进程占用CPU,内存情况
[root@ecs-681b ~]# ps -aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.0 191012 4028 ? Ss Feb21 14:02 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22
root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Feb21 0:00 [kthreadd]
root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< Feb21 0:00 [kworker/0:0H]
root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Feb21 0:01 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 7 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Feb21 0:00 [migration/0]
root 8 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Feb21 0:00 [rcu_bh]
root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Feb21 23:48 [rcu_sched]
root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< Feb21 0:00 [lru-add-drain]
root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S Feb21 0:19 [watchdog/0]
5.2实时显示进程状态
top
[root@ecs-681b ~]# top
top - 11:29:02 up 2:02, 2 users, load average: 0.12, 0.04, 0.05
Tasks: 408 total, 2 running, 406 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 1.3 us, 0.3 sy, 0.0 ni, 98.3 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1001332 total, 92184 free, 370332 used, 538816 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097140 free, 8 used. 419124 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
3001 gdm 20 0 1419364 122996 45860 S 1.0 12.3 0:06.50 gnome-shell
276 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:09.72 kworker/0:1
3765 root 20 0 142864 5128 3876 S 0.3 0.5 0:00.77 sshd
7740 root 20 0 146452 2384 1432 R 0.3 0.2 0:00.17 top
1 root 20 0 126124 6792 3912 S 0.0 0.7 0:03.58 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.03 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.37 ksoftirqd/0
6 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.39 kworker/u256:0
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6.用户
6.1查看活动用户
w
[root@ecs-681b ~]# w
11:32:36 up 72 days, 20:50, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
cavan pts/0 121.34.147.13 09:47 1:14m 0.17s 0.17s sshd: cavan [priv]
root pts/1 219.137.32.66 11:19 4.00s 0.05s 0.00s w
cavan pts/3 121.34.147.13 10:14 20:44 0.38s 0.11s vim Dockerfile
6.2查看指定用户的信息
id <用户名>
[root@ecs-681b ~]# id root
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
[root@ecs-681b ~]# id cavan
uid=1001(cavan) gid=1001(cavan) groups=1001(cavan)
6.3查看用户登录日志
last
[root@ecs-681b ~]# last
root pts/0 192.168.174.1 Mon Oct 24 09:51 still logged in
(unknown :0 :0 Mon Oct 24 09:27 still logged in
reboot system boot 3.10.0-327.el7.x Mon Oct 24 09:26 - 11:35 (02:09)
root pts/0 192.168.174.1 Fri Oct 21 09:41 - 18:44 (09:03)
(unknown :0 :0 Fri Oct 21 09:15 - 18:44 (09:28)
reboot system boot 3.10.0-327.el7.x Fri Oct 21 09:15 - 11:35 (3+02:20)
root pts/1 192.168.174.1 Thu Oct 20 10:05 - 18:13 (08:08)
root pts/0
6.4查看系统所有用户
cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
[root@ecs-681b ~]# cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
operator
games
ftp
nobody
systemd-network
dbus
polkitd
postfix
ntp
sshd
tcpdump
dockerroot
mysql
redis
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