Centos7安装字体全过程：
1、查看字体库
[root@nb003 softs]# fc-list
-bash: fc-list: command not found
2、安装字体库
上述 fc-list 发现没有安装字体库，故安装。
yum -y install fontconfig
[root@nb003 softs]# yum -y install fontconfig
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
kubernetes | 1.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.1 MB 00:00:00
(2/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/3): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 14 MB 00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: fontpackages-filesystem for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: dejavu-sans-fonts for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: dejavu-fonts-common = 2.33-6.el7 for package: dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch
---> Package fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
fontconfig x86_64 2.13.0-4.3.el7 base 254 k
Installing for dependencies:
dejavu-fonts-common noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 64 k
dejavu-sans-fonts noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 1.4 M
fontpackages-filesystem noarch 1.44-8.el7 base 9.9 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 1.7 M
Installed size: 5.9 M
Downloading packages:
(1/4): dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch.rpm | 64 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 254 kB 00:00:00
(3/4): fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch.rpm | 9.9 kB 00:00:00
(4/4): dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch.rpm | 1.4 MB 00:00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 6.9 MB/s | 1.7 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 1/4
Installing : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 2/4
Installing : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 3/4
Installing : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 1/4
Verifying : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 2/4
Verifying : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 4/4
Installed:
fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7
Dependency Installed:
dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7
Complete!
安装后，在/usr/share目录可以查看到fonts 和 fontconfig目录
3、安装字体
将中文字体，如msyhbd.ttc msyhl.ttc msyh.ttc simsun.ttc STSONG.TTF等（有些字体不是免费的哈，仅个人研究可以使用）
在/usr/share/fonts目录新建chinese目录，将上述中文字体上传到/usr/share/fonts/chinese目录下:
[root@nb003 share]# cd /usr/share/fonts/
[root@nb003 fonts]# ls
dejavu
[root@nb003 fonts]# mkdir chinese
[root@nb003 fonts]# ls
chinese dejavu
[root@nb003 fonts]# cd chinese/
[root@nb003 chinese]# ls
msyhbd.ttc msyhl.ttc msyh.ttc simsun.ttc STSONG.TTF
给chinese目录加 755 权限
[root@nb003 chinese]# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/fonts/chinese
4、安装ttmkfdir
ttmkfdir是用来搜索目录中所有的字体信息，并汇总生成fonts.scale文件的
[root@nb003 chinese]# yum -y install ttmkfdir
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ttmkfdir.x86_64 0:3.0.9-42.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
ttmkfdir x86_64 3.0.9-42.el7 base 48 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 48 k
Installed size: 103 k
Downloading packages:
ttmkfdir-3.0.9-42.el7.x86_64.rpm | 48 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : ttmkfdir-3.0.9-42.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : ttmkfdir-3.0.9-42.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
ttmkfdir.x86_64 0:3.0.9-42.el7
Complete!
安装ttmkfdir后，执行如下ttmkfdir命令：
[root@nb003 chinese]# ttmkfdir -e /usr/share/X11/fonts/encodings/encodings.dir
修改字体配置文件:
[root@nb003 chinese]# vim /etc/fonts/fonts.conf
将我们的字体目录/usr/share/fonts/chinese加入到/etc/fonts/fonts.conf配置文件中，如下：
5、刷新内存中的字体缓存
fc-cache
[root@nb003 chinese]# fc-cache
Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/fonts.conf", line 27: unknown element "div"
Fontconfig error: "/etc/fonts/fonts.conf", line 27: mismatched tag
Fontconfig error: Cannot load config file from /etc/fonts/fonts.conf
Fontconfig warning: no <cachedir> elements found. Check configuration.
Fontconfig warning: adding <cachedir>/usr/lib/fontconfig/cache</cachedir>
Fontconfig warning: adding <cachedir prefix="xdg">fontconfig</cachedir>
最后，再次查看字体库：
[root@nb003 chinese]# fc-list
Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/fonts.conf", line 27: unknown element "div"
Fontconfig error: "/etc/fonts/fonts.conf", line 27: mismatched tag
Fontconfig error: Cannot load config file from /etc/fonts/fonts.conf
Fontconfig warning: no <cachedir> elements found. Check configuration.
Fontconfig warning: adding <cachedir>/usr/lib/fontconfig/cache</cachedir>
Fontconfig warning: adding <cachedir prefix="xdg">fontconfig</cachedir>
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSansCondensed-Oblique.ttf: DejaVu Sans,DejaVu Sans Condensed:style=Condensed Oblique,Oblique
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/msyh.ttc: Microsoft YaHei:style=Normal
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSansCondensed-Bold.ttf: DejaVu Sans,DejaVu Sans Condensed:style=Condensed Bold,Bold
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/simsun.ttc: SimSun,宋体:style=Regular,常规
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/msyhbd.ttc: Microsoft YaHei:style=Έντονα
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf: DejaVu Sans:style=Book
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/msyh.ttc: Microsoft YaHei UI:style=Normal
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/msyhbd.ttc: Microsoft YaHei UI:style=Έντονα
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/simsun.ttc: NSimSun,新宋体:style=Regular,常规
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/msyhl.ttc: Microsoft YaHei UI,Microsoft YaHei UI Light:style=Light,Regular
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf: DejaVu Sans:style=Bold
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/STSONG.TTF: STSong:style=Regular
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSansCondensed.ttf: DejaVu Sans,DejaVu Sans Condensed:style=Condensed,Book
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans-ExtraLight.ttf: DejaVu Sans,DejaVu Sans Light:style=ExtraLight
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSansCondensed-BoldOblique.ttf: DejaVu Sans,DejaVu Sans Condensed:style=Condensed Bold Oblique,Bold Oblique
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans-Oblique.ttf: DejaVu Sans:style=Oblique
/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans-BoldOblique.ttf: DejaVu Sans:style=Bold Oblique
/usr/share/fonts/chinese/msyhl.ttc: Microsoft YaHei,Microsoft YaHei Light:style=Light,Regular
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