Java服务器端获取客户端真实IP

Java服务器端获取客户端真实IP

​ 这篇文章主要解决问题是Java程序开发过程中服务器端获取客户端真实IP地址问题。下面是我给出的解决方案。

1. 首先我们需要在nginx 做代理程序用代理配置设置header头；

2. 在程序使用HttpServletRequest 获取请求头中的携带ip的参数取获取IP地址，主要参数有一下；

   "X-Forwarded-For",
   "Proxy-Client-IP",
   "WL-Proxy-Client-IP",
   "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR",
   "HTTP_X_FORWARDED",
   "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP",
   "HTTP_CLIENT_IP",
   "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR",
   "HTTP_FORWARDED",
   "HTTP_VIA",
   "REMOTE_ADDR"
   

3. 通过编写程序实现IP获取

举例说明：

1. nginx配置

   nginx配置一般是在service中进行配置，如下：

   server{
   	listen 6022;
   	proxy_set_header            Host $host;
       proxy_set_header            X-real-ip $remote_addr;
       proxy_set_header            X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
   	...
   }
   

   X-real-ip: 真实IP地址

   X-Forwarded-For: 代理ip地址，有可能有多个

2. 获取HttpServletRequest对象

   HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes())
   				.getRequest();
   

   3. 编写程序实现IP获取

   import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
   import java.net.InetAddress;
   import java.net.UnknownHostException;
   
   public class IpAddrUtil {
   
       private static final String[] HEADERS_TO_TRY = {
               "X-Forwarded-For",
               "Proxy-Client-IP",
               "WL-Proxy-Client-IP",
               "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR",
               "HTTP_X_FORWARDED",
               "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP",
               "HTTP_CLIENT_IP",
               "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR",
               "HTTP_FORWARDED",
               "HTTP_VIA",
               "REMOTE_ADDR" };
   
       public String getClientIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
           for (String header : HEADERS_TO_TRY) {
               String ip = request.getHeader(header);
               if (ip != null && ip.length() != 0 && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
                  String[] ips = ip.split(",");
                   // 如果有多个ip取ip中的第一个位置为真实ip
                  if(ips != null && ips.length > 0){
                      return ips[0];
                  }
               }
           }
           String ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
           if("127.0.0.1".equals(ip)||"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(ip)){
               //根据网卡取本机配置的IP
               InetAddress inet=null;
               try {
                   inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
               } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
               }
               ip = inet.getHostAddress();
           }
           return ip;
       }
   }
   
   

问题汇总:

1. 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 是什么？

   答： 这是ipv6 的本机ip地址。

2. HEADERS_TO_TRY 的顺序为什么是这样排序？

   答：这是根据IP的真实程度去排序获取。