Redis 学习笔记

原创编写： 王宇 
2016-11-07

Redis 环境

• 安装Redis

1. $sudo apt-getupdate
2. $sudo apt-getinstall redis-server

• 启动Redis

1. $ redis-server

• 检察Redis 是否工作正常

1. $ redis-cli
2. redis127.0.0.1:6379>ping
3. PONG

• 安装Redis 桌面管理工具 
  下载地址：http://redisdesktop.com/download

配置Redis

• 配置文件：redis.conf

  • 语法：

    1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIG GET CONFIG_SETTING_NAME

  • 例子

    1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIG GET loglevel
    2. redis127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIG GET*
• 修改配置：

  • 语法：

    1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIG SET CONFIG_SETTING_NAME NEW_CONFIG_VALUE

  • 例子

    1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIG SET loglevel"notice"
    2. OK
    3. redis127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIG GET loglevel

Redis 数据类型(5种)

• Strings-字符串 
  例子：

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>SET name"tutorialspoint"
2. OK
3. redis127.0.0.1:6379>GET name
4. "tutorialspoint"

• Hashes-字典 
  例子：

2. redis127.0.0.1:6379>HMSET user:1username tutorialspoint password tutorialspoint points200
3. OK
4. redis127.0.0.1:6379>HGETALL user:1
6. 1)"username"
7. 2)"tutorialspoint"
8. 3)"password"
9. 4)"tutorialspoint"
10. 5)"points"
11. 6)"200

• Lists-列表 
  时间复杂度：O(N) 
  例子：

3. redis127.0.0.1:6379>lpush tutoriallist redis
4. (integer)1
5. redis127.0.0.1:6379>lpush tutoriallist mongodb
6. (integer)2
7. redis127.0.0.1:6379>lpush tutoriallist rabitmq
8. (integer)3
9. redis127.0.0.1:6379>lrange tutoriallist010
11. 1)"rabitmq"
12. 2)"mongodb"
13. 3)"redis"

• Sets-集合 
  时间复杂度：O(1) 
  例子：

2. redis127.0.0.1:6379>sadd tutoriallist redis
3. (integer)1
4. redis127.0.0.1:6379>sadd tutoriallist mongodb
5. (integer)1
6. redis127.0.0.1:6379>sadd tutoriallist rabitmq
7. (integer)1
8. redis127.0.0.1:6379>sadd tutoriallist rabitmq
9. (integer)0
10. redis127.0.0.1:6379>smembers tutoriallist
12. 1)"rabitmq"
13. 2)"mongodb"
14. 3)"redis"

• Stored Sets-有序集合 
  例子：

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>zadd tutoriallist0redis
2. (integer)1
3. redis127.0.0.1:6379>zadd tutoriallist0mongodb
4. (integer)1
5. redis127.0.0.1:6379>zadd tutoriallist0rabitmq
6. (integer)1
7. redis127.0.0.1:6379>zadd tutoriallist0rabitmq
8. (integer)0
9. redis127.0.0.1:6379>ZRANGEBYSCORE tutoriallist01000
11. 1)"redis"
12. 2)"mongodb"
13. 3)"rabitmq"

Redis 命令

• 服务器端
  1. $redis-cli-h host-p port-a password

Redis 操作Keys命令

Redis-Strings 命令列表

Redis-Hashes 命令列表

Redis-Lists 命令列表

Redis-Sets 命令列表

Redis-Sorted Sets 命令列表

Redis-HyperLogLog-计算基数

• 例子

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>PFADD tutorials"redis"
3. 1)(integer)1
5. redis127.0.0.1:6379>PFADD tutorials"mongodb"
7. 1)(integer)1
9. redis127.0.0.1:6379>PFADD tutorials"mysql"
11. 1)(integer)1
13. redis127.0.0.1:6379>PFCOUNT tutorials
15. (integer)3

Redis - Publish Subscribe

Redis的pub sub 实现了发送、接受message 的系统。

• 例子

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>SUBSCRIBE redisChat
3. Readingmessages...(pressCtrl-C to quit)
4. 1)"subscribe"
5. 2)"redisChat"
6. 3)(integer)1

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>PUBLISH redisChat"Redis is a great caching technique"
3. (integer)1
5. redis127.0.0.1:6379>PUBLISH redisChat"Learn redis by tutorials point"
7. (integer)1
10. 1)"message"
11. 2)"redisChat"
12. 3)"Redis is a great caching technique"
13. 1)"message"
14. 2)"redisChat"
15. 3)"Learn redis by tutorials point"

Redis-Transaction 事务

执行一组命令

• 例子

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>MULTI
2. OK
3. redis127.0.0.1:6379>SET tutorial redis
4. QUEUED
5. redis127.0.0.1:6379>GET tutorial
6. QUEUED
7. redis127.0.0.1:6379>INCR visitors
8. QUEUED
9. redis127.0.0.1:6379>EXEC
11. 1)OK
12. 2)"redis"
13. 3)(integer)1

Redis-Scripting

• 语法

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>EVAL script numkeys key[key...]arg[arg...]

• 例子

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>EVAL"return {KEYS[1],KEYS[2],ARGV[1],ARGV[2]}"2key1 key2 first second
3. 1)"key1"
4. 2)"key2"
5. 3)"first"
6. 4)"second"

Redis - Connections

• 例子

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>AUTH"password"
2. OK
3. redis127.0.0.1:6379>PING
4. PONG

• 链接命令

Redis - Server

• 例子

1. redis127.0.0.1:6379>INFO

• Redis server 命令列表

Redis - 备份

• 语法 和例子

1. 127.0.0.1:6379>SAVE
3. OK

• 恢复Redis数据

  • 通过CONFIG 命令获得数据的存储路径：

    1. 127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIGgetdir
    3. 1)"dir"
    4. 2)"/user/tutorialspoint/redis-2.8.13/src"

  • 恢复（BGSAVE）

    2. 127.0.0.1:6379>BGSAVE
    4. Backgroundsaving started

Redis - 安全

默认状态下，Redis没有密码，要在设置密码：

1. 127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIGsetrequirepass"tutorialspoint"
2. OK
3. 127.0.0.1:6379>CONFIGgetrequirepass
4. 1)"requirepass"
5. 2)"tutorialspoint"
7. 127.0.0.1:6379>AUTH"tutorialspoint"
8. OK
9. 127.0.0.1:6379>SET mykey"Test value"
10. OK
11. 127.0.0.1:6379>GET mykey
12. "Test value"

Redis 监控执行效率(Benchmarks)

• 语法

1. redis-benchmark[option][option value]
2. 例如：
3. redis-benchmark-n100000

• 例子

1. redis-benchmark-h127.0.0.1-p6379-tset,lpush-n100000-q
3. SET:146198.83requests per second
4. LPUSH:145560.41requests per second

Redis - 客户端连接(Client Connection)

• 客户端最大连接数

1. configgetmaxclients
2. 1)"maxclients"
3. 2)"10000"

• Client 命令列表

Redis 管道(Pipelining)

请求-应答模式

Redis - 分区(Partitioning)

将数据分布到不同的redis实例中

• 分区动机

  更好的利用多台机器的存储资源横向扩展，毕竟单台机器的存储资源是有限的。 
  更好的利用多台计算机的处理器资源、网络带宽资源。

Redis - Java

• 安装下载: jedis.jar 
  https://github.com/xetorthio/jedis 
  https://github.com/xetorthio/jedis/releases 
  jedis-jedis-2.9.0.tar.gz

• 连接 Redis Server

1. importredis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
2. publicclassRedisJava{
3. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
4. //Connecting to Redis server on localhost
5. Jedisjedis=newJedis("localhost");
6. System.out.println("Connection to server sucessfully");
7. //check whether server is running or not
8. System.out.println("Server is running: "+jedis.ping());
9. }
10. }
12. $javacRedisJava.java
13. $javaRedisJava
14. Connectionto server sucessfully
15. Serverisrunning:PONG

• Redis Java String Example

1. importredis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
2. publicclassRedisStringJava{
3. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
4. //Connecting to Redis server on localhost
5. Jedisjedis=newJedis("localhost");
6. System.out.println("Connection to server sucessfully");
7. //set the data in redis string
8. jedis.set("tutorial-name","Redis tutorial");
9. // Get the stored data and print it
10. System.out.println("Stored string in redis:: "+jedis.get("tutorial-name"));
11. }
12. }
14. $javacRedisStringJava.java
15. $javaRedisStringJava
16. Connectionto server sucessfully
17. Storedstringinredis::Redistutorial

• Redis Java List Example

1. importredis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
2. publicclassRedisListJava{
3. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
4. //Connecting to Redis server on localhost
5. Jedisjedis=newJedis("localhost");
6. System.out.println("Connection to server sucessfully");
7. //store data in redis list
8. jedis.lpush("tutorial-list","Redis");
9. jedis.lpush("tutorial-list","Mongodb");
10. jedis.lpush("tutorial-list","Mysql");
11. // Get the stored data and print it
12. List<String>list=jedis.lrange("tutorial-list",0,5);
13. for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){
14. System.out.println("Stored string in redis:: "+list.get(i));
15. }
16. }
17. }
19. $javacRedisListJava.java
20. $javaRedisListJava
21. Connectionto server sucessfully
22. Storedstringinredis::Redis
23. Storedstringinredis::Mongodb
24. Storedstringinredis::Mysql

• Redis Java Keys Example

1. importredis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
2. publicclassRedisKeyJava{
3. publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
4. //Connecting to Redis server on localhost
5. Jedisjedis=newJedis("localhost");
6. System.out.println("Connection to server sucessfully");
7. //store data in redis list
8. // Get the stored data and print it
9. List<String>list=jedis.keys("*");
10. for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){
11. System.out.println("List of stored keys:: "+list.get(i));
12. }
13. }
14. }
16. $javacRedisKeyJava.java
17. $javaRedisKeyJava
18. Connectionto server sucessfully
19. Listof stored keys::tutorial-name
20. Listof stored keys::tutorial-list

参考资料

• Useful Links on Redis 
  Redis Documentation − Redis’s official website for its latest docs and updates. 
  http://redis.io/ 
  Redis Downloads − Official website to download latest release of Redis. 
  http://redis.io/download 
  Wiki page on Redis − A short tutorial on Redis.

• PDF 
  《Redis IN ACTION》 
  《Redis The Definitive Guide》 
  《Redis Cookbook》