使用SpringBoot实现异步和邮件发送任务

1.实现异步任务

1. 搭建环境，创建一个Springboot项目(添加WEB依赖)

2. 创建一个AsyncService类：

   package com.ddf.service;
   
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   
   @Service
   public class AsyncService {
   
       //创建一个线程方法
       public void hello(){
           try {
               //停止3秒钟
               Thread.sleep(3000);
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
           System.out.println("数据正在处理");
       }
   }
   

3.创建Controller类，实现访问页面：(当我们请求服务器是，首页会调用这个线程方法，停止三秒钟)

package com.ddf.controller;

import com.ddf.service.AsyncService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class AsyncController {

    @Autowired
    AsyncService asyncService;

    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index(){
        asyncService.hello();   //停止三秒，请求网站时会转圈
        return "ok";
    }
}

4. 实现异步功能：添加**@Async**：告诉Spring这是一个异步方法

   package com.ddf.controller;
   
   import com.ddf.service.AsyncService;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
   
   @RestController
   public class AsyncController {
   
       @Autowired
       AsyncService asyncService;
   
       //告诉Spring这是一个异步方法
       @Async
       @RequestMapping("/index")
       public String index(){
           asyncService.hello();   //停止三秒，请求网站时会转圈
           return "ok";
       }
   }
   

   然后在Springboot启动类上添加：@EnableAsync注解：开启异步功能

   package com.ddf;
   
   import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
   import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
   import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
   
   @EnableAsync    //开启异步功能
   @SpringBootApplication
   public class SpringbootTestApplication {
   
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           SpringApplication.run(SpringbootTestApplication.class, args);
       }
   }
   

2.邮件任务（实现邮件发送）

1. 引入项目jar包

   <!--javax.email-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   

2. 配置邮件相关的配置属性

   spring.mail.username=814655997@qq.com
   spring.mail.password=xgevwoibjtudbaij
   #发送的服务器地址
   spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
   
   #开启加密验证
   spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enabel=true
   

3. 创建测试类，实现简单的邮件发送

   package com.ddf;
   
   import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
   import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
   import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
   import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
   
   import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
   import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.SignatureMethod;
   
   @SpringBootTest
   class SpringbootTestApplicationTests {
   
       //调用邮件发送接口
       @Autowired
       JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
   
   
       @Test
       void contextLoads() {
   
           //发送一个简单的邮件
           //创建一个邮件发送消息对象
           SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
   
           //邮件标题
           mailMessage.setSubject("ddf你好啊");
           //邮件标内容
           mailMessage.setText("邮件测试发送");
   
           //发送给谁
           mailMessage.setTo("814655997@qq.com");
           //服务器地址，类似于pop3服务
           mailMessage.setFrom("814655997@qq.com");
           //添加需要添加的信息
           mailSender.send(mailMessage);
       }
   }
   

4. 实现复杂的邮件发送

      @Test
       void contextLoads2() throws MessagingException {
   
           //发送一个复杂的邮件
           //创建一个邮件发送对象
           MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
           //组装
           MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
           //标题
           helper.setSubject("ddf你好啊");
           //为true时解析html格式
           helper.setText("<p style='color:red'>测试第二次发送</p>",true);
   
           //添加图片
           helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg"));
           helper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg"));
   
           //发送给谁
           helper.setTo("814655997@qq.com");
           //服务器地址，类似于pop3服务
           helper.setFrom("814655997@qq.com");
   
           //添加需要添加的信息
           mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
       }
   

5. 实现封装成一个方法，可灵活使用

   //封装
       public void sendMail(Boolean flag,String subject,String text) throws MessagingException {
           //发送一个复杂的邮件
           //创建一个邮件发送对象
           MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
           //组装，为true时支持多文本上传
           MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,flag);
           //标题
           helper.setSubject(subject);
           //为true时解析html格式
           helper.setText(text,true);
   
           //添加图片
           helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg"));
           helper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\11111\\Desktop\\img\\images\\1.jpg"));
   
           //发送给谁
           helper.setTo("814655997@qq.com");
           //服务器地址，类似于pop3服务
           helper.setFrom("814655997@qq.com");
   
           //添加需要添加的信息
           mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
       }